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Nano-sized Organization in Nature
Published in Paula V. Messina, Luciano A. Benedini, Damián Placente, Tomorrow’s Healthcare by Nano-sized Approaches, 2020
Paula V. Messina, Luciano A. Benedini, Damián Placente
Nowadays, biomimetic materials research (sometimes also signaled as material bionics or bio-inspired materials exploration) has begun to progress enthusiastically. One of the reasons is the conception of nanomedicine, the convergence between modern nanotechnology and medicine. Such field, which applies the nanoscale principles and techniques to understand and transform biosystems (living or non-living) and which uses biological principles and materials to create new medical devices and systems integrated from the nanoscale, has expanded and is expected to have a revolutionary impact on healthcare. Biomimetic materials research generates numerous opportunities for devising new strategies to build multifunctional materials for the clever use of interfaces and the development of active or self-healing materials. Interdisciplinary teams developed a portfolio of bio-inspired processes for obtaining new function by structuring and assembling of known elements.
Synthesis and Characterization of Nanocomposites of Animal Origin
Published in Satya Eswari Jujjavarapu, Krishna Mohan Poluri, Green Polymeric Nanocomposites, 2020
Sweta Naik, Anita Tirkey, Satya Eswari Jujjavarapu
Bionanocomposites belong to an evolving class of bio-inorganic nanostructured hybrid materials arising from the assembly of polymeric species of biological origin to inorganic substrates through nanometric-scale interactions (Hood, Mari, & Muñoz-Espí, 2014). Bionanocomposites naturally produced by living organisms show a significant hierarchical arrangement of organic and inorganic constituents from nanoscale to the macroscopic scale (Jeevanandam, Barhoum, Chan, Dufresne, & Danquah, 2018). Researchers have developed different types of biomimetic materials based upon the physical and chemical characteristics of bionanocomposites (F. Zhao et al., 2015). For example, hydroxyapatite-based synthetic materials and biopolymers such as gelatine and collagen are typical biomimetic materials that have been widely researched, particularly because they are of interest in tissue engineering (Saveleva et al., 2019). Recently, silicates from the mineral family of clay, and other inorganic solids such as layered perovskites, carbonaceous solids, and layered double hydroxides, have been explored in terms of the assembly of various biopolymers.
Materials in Additive Manufacturing
Published in G.K. Awari, C.S. Thorat, Vishwjeet Ambade, D.P. Kothari, Additive Manufacturing and 3D Printing Technology, 2021
G.K. Awari, C.S. Thorat, Vishwjeet Ambade, D.P. Kothari
Biomimetic materials are materials invented using inspiration from nature. This may be useful when designing composite materials or material structures. Many inspiring examples have evolved from natural structures that have been used by man. Popular examples are the honeycomb structure of the beehive, the fiber structure of wood, spider silk, mother-of-pearl, bone, and hedgehog quills.
Functionalized acellular periosteum guides stem cell homing to promote bone defect repair
Published in Journal of Biomaterials Science, Polymer Edition, 2023
Guoqing Zhu, Yidi Zhou, Yichang Xu, Lingjun Wang, Meng Han, Kun Xi, Jincheng Tang, Ziang Li, Yu Kou, Xindie Zhou, Yu Feng, Yong Gu, Liang Chen
Although the periosteum is a thin connective tissue membrane, it plays a vital role in bone tissue. The outer layer of the structure is dense, which can provide a supportive function; the inner layer is loose, which is conducive to the adhesion and growth of cells. When bone damage, such as trauma, occurs osteoprogenitor cells and osteogenic stem cells contained in the periosteum can rapidly mobilize and differentiate to repair the damaged area [16]. The periosteum can also act as a bridge to induce bone healing. Artificial biomimetic materials are used to simulate the structure and function of tissues in the human body to promote repair. Hence, the natural double-layer structure of the periosteum is advantageous compared with other artificial biomimetic materials. Additionally, there are immune-related problems to be considered regarding the feasibility of native periosteum use; nonetheless, tissue decellularization solves this problem. Tissue decellularization is designed to remove nearly all cellular components that may contribute to immunogenicity while preserving native ultrastructural and extracellular components [9].
Interface stress effect tuning and enhancing the energy dissipation of staggered nanocomposites
Published in Philosophical Magazine, 2020
Cezhou Chao, Peng Yan, Zhiyuan Lu, Leiting Dong
Biological materials, like bone, tendon, and shell, are always regarded as nanocomposites with staggered structures since the thickness of embedded platelets can be as small as several nanometers. The aspect ratios of bone and nacre were observed to be 25–45 [46–50] and 8–16 [51] via experiment, respectively. The aspect ratio of natural evolution is consistent with the optimal aspect ratio derived in the present study, verified in section 5.1. Furthermore, the loading frequency varies from several hertz to several hundred hertz in reality [14] for load-bearing biological materials. The optimal frequency of staggered nanocomposites, calculated in section 5.2, is in this frequency range. Therefore, the optimal structures of biological materials from natural evolution can be imitated by designing biomimetic materials. The findings in the present study not only reveal the damping mechanism of biological structures at nanoscale, but also provide useful guidelines for the design of biomimetic nanocomposites from the nanoscale to the macroscopic scale.
Biomimetic approaches for tissue engineering
Published in Journal of Biomaterials Science, Polymer Edition, 2018
Biomimetic approaches are most promising to provide effective treatments for various disorders and ailments. Although several materials and processing technologies (Table 3) have been studied to develop biomimetic materials, there is no single polymer or process that satisfies all the requirements for a specific application. In fact, a combination of methods has provided scaffolds ideal for bone and other tissue engineerings. Although natural polymers are preferred to develop biomimetic materials, natural polymers are not easily processable into required shapes and sizes and hence combinations of natural and synthetic polymers are commonly used. Among the various approaches of developing biomimetic materials, electrospinning is most predominant followed by freeze drying or lyophilization. Similarly, collagen, HA and chitosan are the more commonly used biopolymers. A strong co-relation exists between the type of material, processing technology adopted and properties realized in the biomimetic scaffold. A comprehensive effort is necessary to understand the suitability of a specific polymer and approach for any intended application. The last decade has seen considerable progress in developing biomimetic materials and many materials developed have shown properties similar to that of natural materials found in the body. It will probably take another decade for the biomimetic materials to be adopted on a larger scale in treating common and specific medical conditions.