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Breast imaging
Published in David A Lisle, Imaging for Students, 2012
Prognosis of breast cancer is greatly affected by axillary lymph node status at the time of diagnosis. Axillary lymph node dissection (ALND) is definitive in defining axillary node status, however is associated with a number of complications including lymphoedema, pain and reduced shoulder movement. Sentinel lymph node biopsy (SNLB) is much less traumatic than ALND. The sentinel lymph node is the first axillary lymph node on the lymphatic drainage pathway from the tumour, and therefore the first node to receive tumour cells if lymphatic metastatic spread has occurred. If the sentinel axillary lymph node can be identified and shown to be tumour free, then spread to any other axillary nodes is excluded with a high degree of accuracy.
Sensing of Magnetic Nanoparticles for Sentinel Lymph Nodes Biopsy
Published in Shoogo Ueno, Bioimaging, 2020
Masaki Sekino, Moriaki Kusakabe
To prevent systemic metastasis, breast cancer surgery traditionally involved complete dissection of axillary lymph nodes. This significantly damaged lymph flow in the upper arm, causing swelling of the entire upper arm and substantially reducing patients’ QoL.
A fully coupled fluid-structure interaction model of the secondary lymphatic valve
Published in Computer Methods in Biomechanics and Biomedical Engineering, 2018
John T. Wilson, Lowell T. Edgar, Saurabh Prabhakar, Marc Horner, Raoul van Loon, James E. Moore
The lymphatic system is responsible for the transport of lymph from the tissue interstitial space to the venous return (Swartz and Skobe 2001). In addition to maintaining tissue homeostasis, the lymphatic system is also vital in immune cell trafficking, cerebrospinal fluid/nasal drainage, and lipid transport (Zawieja et al. 2011). Decreased lymphatic pumping and flow can result in a condition known as lymphedema, which results in an excess of fluid in the interstitium (Mortimer and Rockson 2014). Lymphedema is a debilitating disease that affects many patients who have undergone axillary lymph node dissection as part of their breast cancer therapy (Cariati et al. 2015). Currently, there is no cure for lymphedema and management of the disease includes physical therapy and compression bandages/garments (Gordon and Mortimer 2007).