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Cartridges, Cartridge Holders, and Their Care
Published in Maik W. Jornitz, Theodore H. Meltzer, Sterile Filtration, 2020
Maik W. Jornitz, Theodore H. Meltzer
The holder should be thoroughly cleaned prior to installation of the filter. Otherwise it may serve as a source of contamination. The inner smoothness of the holder facilitates cleaning. Indeed, in their manufacture, downstream portions of filter holders are usually electropolished. When polished by mechanical means, the holders are customarily passivated with a nitric acid wash to render their surfaces more resistant to corrosion. (Electropolishing also serves to passivate.) To further minimize the possibilities of particle contamination, filters are usually installed in their holders or housings in Class 100 sterile rooms. (Adjuncts for the maintenance of asepsis such as the use of a grown, hairnet, face mask, sterile gloves, etc. are usually considered necessary.)
Parenteral Drug Administration: Routes of Administration and Devices
Published in Sandeep Nema, John D. Ludwig, Parenteral Medications, 2019
Himanshu Bhattacharjee, Vivian Loveless, Laura A. Thoma
Although parenterally administered drugs have a number of advantages, they do suffer from certain shortcomings. One of the major disadvantages is the possibility for infections resulting from inadequate aseptic technique during product administration. Asepsis must be maintained to avoid infection, particularly for an intravascular or intraventricular injection. Apart from infections, other life-threatening conditions such as acquired immunodeficiency syndrome2 and hepatitis C3 can be attributed to improper use of parenteral devices. Disinfection of the patient’s skin with an antibacterial solution or sterile 70% isopropyl alcohol before injection and using new syringes and needles for each administration is considered a best practice. Since injecting a needle into vascular compartments or body cavities can be considered as invasive processes, pain may be an additional factor. This is especially a significant factor for patients who perform self-administration (e.g., insulin, human growth hormone). Many of the products in the current market are highly specialized drug products, and expense is still a major consideration.
Laboratory tutorials
Published in Firdos Alam Khan, Biotechnology Fundamentals, 2018
A pure culture theoretically contains a single bacterial species. There are a number of procedures available for the isolation of pure cultures from mixed populations. A pure culture may be isolated by the use of special media with specific chemical or physical agents that allow the enrichment or selection of one organism over another. Simpler methods for isolation of a pure culture include (1) spread plating on solid agar medium with a glass spreader and (2) streak plating with a loop. The purpose of spread plating and streak plating is to isolate individual bacterial cells (colony-forming units) on a nutrient medium. Both procedures (spread plating and streak plating) require understanding of the aseptic technique. Asepsis can be defined as the absence of infectious microorganisms, although the term is usually applied to any technique designed to keep unwanted microorganisms from contaminating sterile materials.
Touchless Interfaces in the Operating Room: A Study in Gesture Preferences
Published in International Journal of Human–Computer Interaction, 2023
Naveen Madapana, Daniela Chanci, Glebys Gonzalez, Lingsong Zhang, Juan P. Wachs
Asepsis requirements are critical in the Operating Room (OR), and need to be fulfilled to avoid the spread of nosocomial infections and any risk of contamination (Spagnolo et al., 2013). This is specially timely given the current state of the COVID-19 pandemic. As such epidemics outbreak occur, newer and alternative forms of interaction with health related technologies will be required. In the OR, surgeons are required to navigate patients’ medical images in order to recognize important anatomic landmarks and identify potential lesions in the brain (Sánchez-Margallo et al., 2017; Wang et al., 2014). However, current standard devices such as keyboard and mouse pose a major drawback as surgeons cannot have a direct contact with these non-aseptic devices. Hence, surgeons seek help from surgical assistants for manipulating the Picture Archiving and Communication-System (PACS) which can cause miscommunication problems leading to errors in the procedure (Hurstel & Bechmann, 2019; O’Hara et al., 2014). In some cases, it is necessary for the surgeon to interrupt the intervention, directly manipulate the PACS to obtain the information needed and go through the scrubbing and gloving process again. These solutions are known to cause significant delays in the medical procedures (Sánchez-Margallo et al., 2017; Wipfli et al., 2016).