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Bionanofabrication and Bionano Devices in Tissue Engineering and Cell Transplantation
Published in Anil Kumar Anal, Bionanotechnology, 2018
In adherent culture, cells remain attached to the substrate via adhesion proteins and integrins. Proteins such as fibronectin, vitronectin, osteopontin, collagens, thrombospondin, fibrinogen, and so on, can be used to enhance the cell adherence (Godbey 2014). Mouse fibroblast STO cells are adherent cell types, which are difficult to grow as cell suspension. In case of suspension culture, cells do not need surface for an attachment but are freely floating in the medium. The source of cells is the governing factor for suspension cells. Blood cells suspended in plasma can be easily grown in suspension cultures (Verma 2014).
Formulation and characterization of gelatin methacrylamide-hydroxypropyl methacrylate based bioink for bioprinting applications
Published in Journal of Biomaterials Science, Polymer Edition, 2023
Nithusha Kallingal, Rashmi Ramakrishnan, Kalliyana Krishnan V
A cube with 10 mm × 10 mm × 3.5 mm dimensions was designed in computer-aided design (CAD) software. The design was saved in stereolithographic (*.STL) file format and imported into a 3D printer slicing application (Cura, open source) to generate the Gcode. The Gcode file was opened in the replicator 3D printer interface software to control a customized 3D Bioprinter (Alfatek Samples Inc. Kolkata, India). The gelation time and filament and shape stability were compared with varying concentration of redox initiators at 1 %, 1.5 % and 3 %. Briefly, a 5 mL syringe was filled with GelMA-HPMA solution containing the redox initiators at varying concentrations of 1%, 1.5% and 3% respectively, loaded on to the 3D bioprinter and the hydrogel was printed into a cube shape in a 60 mm non-cell-adherent culture dish at 25 °C aseptically. A nozzle with 410 mm orifice was fixed and a print speed of 3.5 mm/s and a layer height of 6 mm was maintained. A cell density of 10,000 L929 cells/100 uL of gel was used for bioprinting and cell viability was evaluated using live/dead staining.
Large three-dimensional cell constructs for tissue engineering
Published in Science and Technology of Advanced Materials, 2021
Jun-Ichi Sasaki, Gabriela L Abe, Aonan Li, Takuya Matsumoto, Satoshi Imazato
Several protocols have reported the fabrication of cell aggregates, referred to as spheroids [22,23], that are considered to be applicable to drug development, embryology, and regenerative medicine. Cell spheroids can be formed by various methods such as the hanging drop method [24,25], a non-adherent culture substratum [26,27], and rotating equipment [28,29]. However, these methods cannot produce large spheroids and it is also difficult to control the morphology of the cell aggregates. Therefore, a novel technology must be established to control the size and morphology of a 3D cell construct for application to regenerative medicine. In this review, we present the approach to fabricate large 3D cell constructs with a controlled morphology and their application for tissue engineering (Figure 1).