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The Use of Virtual Reality Environments in Cognitive Rehabilitation after Traumatic Brain Injury
Published in Christopher M. Hayre, Dave J. Muller, Marcia J. Scherer, Virtual Reality in Health and Rehabilitation, 2020
E. Sorita, P. Coignard, E. Guillaume, J-L. Le Guiet, E. Klinger, P-A. Joseph
Just as for people with TBI, there is a growing population of people with acquired brain injury or progressive brain disorders. This changing situation requires us to rethink the usual pathways for access to health care as well as the intervention and follow-up for these patients, because neurological disorders need lifelong care (Jackson et al., 2014). Thus, clinicians need to develop VR tools to enable the development of new practices of assessment and intervention in CR and a better access to care for more patients. To this end, it is time now to train students and clinicians in the use of VR technologies and to widely disseminate new research on VR environments that is theoretically and clinically well designed to meet the needs of patients (Dimech-Betancourt et al., 2019).
Rehabilitation engineering across the lifespan
Published in Alex Mihailidis, Roger Smith, Rehabilitation Engineering, 2023
There are numerous health conditions and injuries that may result in disability during adulthood. Non-communicable diseases are now the most common health conditions worldwide (World Health Organization 2015). The leading causes of disability are hearing or vision loss, back and neck pain, osteoarthritis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, depression, falls, diabetes, and dementia. Depression is now considered a leading cause of disability worldwide (United Nations 2006). There is a growing trend of individuals having strokes at a younger age. Injuries resulting from sports, motor vehicle accidents, or work such as spinal cord injury or acquired brain injury are possible over the lifespan. As previously mentioned, aging itself is not a disease, but with aging comes a greater risk for disability. Increases in chronic health conditions and the increase in proportion of older people worldwide are resulting in higher disability rates (World Health Organization 2016). Health outcomes in older adults is the result of genetics as well as the amassing of stressors from the physical and social environment and the interactions of these stressors with an individual's health habits, and the opportunities they have had since a young age (World Health Organization 2015). For those who are aging with a health condition or disability, aging can be accelerated. Dementia prevalence increases with age. In people 85 years old or older, about 25–30% have some form of dementia (World Health Organization 2011). Older adults may have multiple concurrent health conditions resulting in an increased complexity of care. Conditions that arose during early development, though potentially stable or progressive in nature, continue to have an impact. Individuals aging with a disability will also be susceptible to cumulative physical injuries, for example, as a result of lifelong mobility disability and wear and tear on the physical body from using mobility aids such as wheelchairs (Quinn 1998).
Activities for Supporting Work Ability of Ageing Workers
Published in Joanna Bugajska, Teresa Makowiec-Dąbrowska, Tomasz Kostka, Individual and Occupational Determinants, 2020
Acquired brain injury is known to be severely disabling. On average, 40% of employees RTW within two years after injury. Women and patients with non-comorbid impairments returned to work earlier than men and patients with multiple impairments (Aas et al. 2018).
RESNA position on the application of ultralight manual wheelchairs
Published in Assistive Technology, 2023
Lynn A. Worobey, Jennith Bernstein, Joseph Ott, Theresa Berner, Jaqueline Black, Mary Cabarle, Tina Roesler, Sage Scarborough, Kendra Betz
Most of the reviewed literature focuses on individuals with SCI who propel a MWC using bilateral upper extremities. The needs of MWC users who utilize alternative propulsion methods should also be considered because an ULWC can be configured to fit and accommodate the unique needs of these individuals. Individualized chair recommendations should apply to people who propel their chair with one side of their body, both lower extremities, or one extremity. Although not diagnosis dependent, some presentations may include acquired brain injury, multiple sclerosis, cerebral palsy, cerebrovascular accident (also referred to as a stroke), amputation, poliomyelitis, and incomplete spinal cord injury including but not limited to central cord syndrome, just to name a few. People who use alternative propulsion methods are often not evaluated for complex rehabilitation technology. In addition, they are also at risk of postural impairments, limitations in their activities of daily living, discomfort, lack of confidence, decreased activity tolerance, feelings of isolation and loss of social engagement, lack of training of wheelchair skills and overuse injuries due to poor equipment selection and provision (Charbonneau et al., 2013; Heinrichs et al., 2020a, 2020b; Mandy et al., 2019; Murata et al., 2014; Requejo, Mulroy, et al., 2015). While many of the principles of chair configuration previously discussed also apply to alternative population styles, additional considerations are described below:
Analysis of scored goals in the cerebral palsy football World Cup
Published in Journal of Sports Sciences, 2022
Iván Peña-González, Juan F. Maggiolo, Alejandro Javaloyes, Manuel Moya-Ramón
Football for people with cerebral palsy (CP) acquired brain injury or stroke is commonly referred to as CP football. This is a highly practiced para-sport which is practiced in at least 77 countries and in all continents. CP football is an adaptation of regular football, which is practiced on a 70-m × 50-m field, with 6-m × 2-m goals and without applying the offside rule. The time of the match and the number of players per team are also reduced from regular football to two 30-min halves and to seven players per team, respectively. All the laws of the CP football game are established by the International Football Association Board (IFCPF, 2018). Some adaptations of the rules include the possibility of performing the throw-in with only one hand or the absence of the offside rule. This absence of the offside rule is one of the most controversial adaptations in CP football as the structure of offensive and defensive tactics changes from regular football.
Factors that affect the ability of people with disabilities to walk or wheel to destinations in their community: a scoping review
Published in Transport Reviews, 2020
Mike Prescott, Delphine Labbé, William C. Miller, Jaimie Borisoff, Robert Feick, William Ben Mortenson
People with acquired brain injury, dementia, and developmental disabilities were included in five of the studies reviewed (Table 1). The findings focused on wayfinding challenges such as orientation and heading that resulted in participants getting lost. In one study, this was attributed to the reliance a landmarks that were not fixed or were difficult to remember (Courbois, Blades, Farran, & Sockeel, 2013). They stressed the importance of landmarks that were clear, easily recognisable, memorable, strategically located, simple, and easily visible (Courbois et al., 2013). Wayfaring conditions such as interacting with the social and physical environment (e.g. travelling in the rain or having to talk to others) increased the wayfinding challenge (Lemoncello et al., 2010a; Sheehan, Burton, & Mitchell, 2006; Yordanova et al., 2017). As a result, people with cognitive impairments (CIPs) were hesitant to make decisions and led to poor route choices (Lemoncello et al., 2010b). These findings were similar to a study that used virtual reality to examine route choices CIPs (Courbois, Mengue-Topio, Blades, Farran, & Sockeel, 2019).