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Endometriosis: Clinical Manifestation and Differential Diagnosis
Published in Nazar N. Amso, Saikat Banerjee, Endometriosis, 2022
It is important to remember that IC overlaps with other conditions that cause pelvic pain and is exacerbated with intercourse (74). In IC, there will be other bladder symptoms in addition to pain, such as urgency, dysuria, and hesitancy. What places IC high on the list of differential diagnoses are the aggravating factors, including sex, sex positions and certain foods and drinks. Clinically, there may be corresponding tenderness suprapubically and in the anterior vagina. A urine test is helpful to exclude infection, pyuria and hematuria. Microscopic haematuria may be present with endometriosis infiltrating the urinary tracts. Ultrasound seems to be superior to cystoscopy and is at least as effective as MRI in diagnosing and planning surgery for bladder endometriosis (75). Assessing the anterior compartment of the pelvis, including the bladder in detail, is structurally included in the International Deep Endometriosis Analysis group (IDEA) protocol advanced ultrasound endometriosis evaluation (76).
Inhalational Durg Abuse
Published in Jacob Loke, Pathophysiology and Treatment of Inhalation Injuries, 2020
Jacob Loke, Richard Rowley, Herbert D. Kleber, Peter Jatlow
A negative urine test, regardless of the method used, does not unequivocally rule out past exposure to the drug in question. A negative test only indicates that the quantity present is less than the detection limit of the analytical method used. It is customary for laboratories to set cutoff limits or thresholds that are somewhat higher than the detection limit in order to reduce the risk of false-positive results. If a confirmatory test is to be used, greater latitude can be taken in setting a low threshold or cutoff limit for the screening test.
Natural family planning methods: fertility awareness
Published in Suzanne Everett, Handbook of Contraception and Sexual Health, 2020
A urine test should be performed on an early morning urine sample and then inserted into the machine. Usually this needs to be performed eight days a month, but in the first month it will need to be done 16 days of the month to provide the database with information about a woman.
The rising threat of illicit amphetamine-type stimulant use among methadone maintenance treatment patients in East Coast Malaysia: a retrospective observational study
Published in The American Journal of Drug and Alcohol Abuse, 2023
Halim Ismail, Hanis Ahmad, Aishah Sanef, Winda Shahabudin, Naiemy Reffin, David Chan, Dzualkmal Dawam, Fathulzhafran Hanan, Mahani Nordin, Luqman Sahar, Khairuddin Daud, Kuzakuwan T Bongsu, Faeiz Syezri, Harith Mustapa
Therefore, patients are prescribed a lower dose each time a re-induction was done, and this possibly contributed to ATS misuse as patients try to compensate for insufficient desired effects. A positive urine test also prevented doctors from planning an incremental dose or determining a single and definite dose for their patients. This could be the main reason more than half of the patients were still receiving suboptimum methadone doses. But, nonetheless, this negligence issue needs to be seriously addressed as failure to act in accordance with the standards of medical care may cause damage to patient’s health. To avoid negligence and improve physicians’ engagement, Malaysia Ministry of Health (MOH) and other relevant national authorities should immediately plan a comprehensive national standard training module comprising both clinical and non-clinical support activities: i.e. interactive workshop, supervised clinical-attachment, peer-support team, for the professional methadone prescriber in this country. A well-trained medical professional will be more aware of the key challenges ahead and are expected to always adhere to evidence-based practices and monitor treatment quality and outcome for their MMT patients.
Identification of key genes, regulatory factors, and drug target genes of recurrent implantation failure (RIF)
Published in Gynecological Endocrinology, 2020
We obtained the endometrial gene expression profiles of RIF women from National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO, http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/geo/) database (ID: GSE58144) based on the GPL15789 A-UMCU-HS44K-2.0 platform [11]. A total of 115 samples were collected, including 43 RIF and 72 controls. The control group referred to healthy women who had successful pregnant within the first three cycles of IVF or ICSI treatment. The inclusion criteria of RIF was ≥3 failed IVF/ICSI therapies or replacement ≥10 embryos without a successful pregnancy (including frozen-thawed cycles). A positive human chorionic gonadotropin serum test or a positive urine test was defined pregnancy [2]. Exclusion criteria: women meeting the definition for RIF were excluded if implantation failure could be explained by other factors: i.e. poor embryo quality, poor ovarian response, known disturbances in the uterine cavity or endometrial pathology [2]. The endometrial biopsy was performed 6 or 7 days after the putative luteinizing hormone surge in a natural (non-treatment) cycle in patients and controls. Biopsies were collected using an endometrium sampling device under sterile conditions. Then, total RNA was isolated from individual tissue samples and gene expression profiling was performed [2].
Current practice on the management of pre-operative urine dipstick results in women undergoing gynaecological surgery in Wales
Published in Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, 2019
Sarah Walker, Catharina Bisseling, Sanjay Curpad, Gareth Edwards
The response rate was low despite circulating the survey using the Welsh Obstetrics and Gynaecology Society database and sending reminder emails. The quoted mean response rates to surveys are not much higher at 33% (Lindermann 2018). The results may therefore not be generalisable to the Welsh gynaecology community. However, the results provide an insight into the variation in practice regarding the use of pre-operative urine dipstick analysis in Wales. This is an important topic, specifically for gynaecological surgery, considering these women are at increased risk of acquiring bacteriuria because of population characteristics and the use of a urinary catheters during most procedures (Aslam and Moran 2014). Therefore, guidance on the role of pre-operative urine tests would be beneficial and will potentially help to reduce inappropriate testing and cancellation of surgery.