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Renal Disease; Fluid and Electrolyte Disorders
Published in John S. Axford, Chris A. O'Callaghan, Medicine for Finals and Beyond, 2023
Acute ureteric obstruction causes renal colic with acute and intense flank pain, often radiating to the groin, and sometimes nausea, vomiting, abdominal discomfort, dysuria, renal tenderness and haematuria. On examination, there may be renal tenderness on palpation if there is urinary tract obstruction. Bladder stones can halt urine flow suddenly, with penile or perineal pain that may be relieved by lying down. There are three main sites where stones lodge in the ureter: Pelviureteric junction: Pain refers to the loin and back.Pelvic brim: Pain refers to the testis or labium majus.Entry site of the ureter into the bladder: Pain refers to the tip of the penis or perineum.
Essential Oils: Clinical Perspectives And Uses
Published in Amit Baran Sharangi, K. V. Peter, Medicinal Plants, 2023
Jugreet Bibi Sharmeen, Mahomoodally Mohamad Fawzi
The efficacy of rose EO as a complementary therapy in addition to conventional therapy in the relief of renal colic was also reported by Ayan et al. (2013). Participants (n=80) were patients (19–64 years old) diagnosed with renal colic in the emergency room. Half of the patients were treated with 75 g of diclofenac sodium intramuscularly which constituted the conventional therapy together with placebo (physiological serum, 0.9% NaCl), while the other half was treated with conventional therapy along with aromatherapy with rose EO. The visual analog scale (VAS) values as measures of pain severity prior to the start of therapy, 10 and 30 minutes after therapy were obtained and compared between the two groups of participants. No significant difference between the starting VAS values of the two groups was found but 10 and 30 minutes after the initiation of therapy, the VAS values were observed to be statistically lesser in the group that were given the conventional therapy plus aromatherapy.
Urology
Published in Kristen Davies, Shadaba Ahmed, Core Conditions for Medical and Surgical Finals, 2020
Patients usually present with renal colic ± nausea and vomiting. Renal colic is described as ‘loin to groin’ pain (in the direction of ureteric peristalsis) that comes and goes with waves of increasing severity. It usually starts as flank pain and slowly progresses towards the abdomen as the stone moves inferiorly. The pain can be referred to the testis in men and labia majora in women. Patients may also present with features of a UTI, haematuria (although renal stones will usually show blood on urinalysis) or urinary retention.
Resistant hypertension after renal infarction in a man with fibromuscular dysplasia
Published in Blood Pressure, 2021
Nikolina Bukal, Dražen Perkov, Luka Penezić, Bojan Jelaković, Živka Dika
Several aspects of this presentation are intriguing, but some at the same time at start were misleading. First, renal colic is a frequent complaint evaluated at EDs, but renal infarction is its rare cause with an incidence of about 0.004–0.007% [5–7]. In a French single-centre retrospective angiographic study of 186 cases of renal infarction, 81.8% were caused by renal artery lesion predominantly atherosclerosis disease (34.4%) followed by dissecting haematoma (23.2%) and fibromuscular dysplasia (19.2%) [3]. According to the US and European/International fibromuscular dysplasia (FEIRI) registry, renal artery dissection and renal infarction were more common presentation of FMD in men than women [2,8]. At the time of renal colic, our patient had normal BP and normal laboratory data, except mildly decreased eGFR.
Emergency vs elective ureteroscopy for a single ureteric stone
Published in Arab Journal of Urology, 2021
Abdullatif Al-Terki, Majd Alkabbani, Talal A. Alenezi, Tariq F. Al-Shaiji, Shabir Al-Mousawi, Ahmed R. El-Nahas
The retrospective design is the main limitation of the present study, as some data were not available such as operative time. We tried to do a fair comparison by excluding elective cases with an already present ureteric stent because all emergency cases had no stents. However, there was still some inevitable selection bias, as the stones were significantly smaller in the EM Group. This led to more use of baskets in the EM Group and more use of laser lithotripsy the EL Group. Also, the EM Group had more hydronephrosis than the EL Group, which resulted in the insertion of more ureteric stents (92% vs 72%). Another significant difference was observed in serum creatinine levels, as it was significantly higher in the EM Group (1.5 vs 0.9 mg/dL). This is expected, as acute renal colic can be associated with nausea and vomiting that may cause dehydration. We performed emergency URS in these patients because Abdel-Kader [20] reported the safety of emergency URS in patients with calcular anuria and high serum creatinine at a mean level of 3.5 mg/dL.
US-guided laser treatment of parathyroid adenomas
Published in International Journal of Hyperthermia, 2020
Liat Appelbaum, Shraga Nahum Goldberg, Tiziana Ierace, Giovanni Mauri, Luigi Solbiati
The changes in serum PTH and calcium levels before ablation and at each follow-up period are summarized in Table 2. Serum PTH and calcium levels were significantly lower at 1, 12 and 24 months compared to before treatment (p < 0.01 for all comparisons), with stable reductions seen when comparing 12 to 24 m (p > 0.50). In 11/12 (91.7%) patients, PTH and calcium levels returned to normal, and 99mTc sestamibi scintigraphy confirmed success of the ablation (Figures 1 and 2). These, together with disappearance of nodule-related symptoms including ostealgia (in all five cases where present), and vomiting (three patients) by 6 months post-ablation revealed the effectiveness of ablation. Likewise, none of the five patients with repeated bouts of renal colic reported further episodes over the 2-year follow-up.