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The biological and evolutionary foundations of sleep and dreams
Published in Frederick L. Coolidge, Ernest Hartmann, Dream Interpretation as a Psychotherapeutic Technique, 2018
Frederick L. Coolidge, Ernest Hartmann
Because stage 2 is so prevalent and evenly distributed throughout a sleep period, my masters’ thesis Chair C. M. Levy and I chose it to present common Russian words paired with their English equivalents to English-only college students to see if they could learn during sleep (Levy, Coolidge, and Stabb, 1972). We found that the students could recognize the correct answers when awakened in the morning significantly better than chance. However, the actual amount of learning beyond chance was so minimal and it took so many repeated trials to learn that we concluded that sleep learning was not worth the effort.
Lucid dreaming
Published in Allan Hobson, Psychodynamic Neurology, 2014
Sleep and dream science has detailed many other associated traits and has already gone a long way toward explaining their underlying physiology. Since sleeping precedes waking (as well as following it), the investigation of association in the organization of states is both essential and potentially informative of the physiological basis and deep functional significance of associative processes. We learn a great deal by self-instruction and our sleep is an effortless and automatic instructional program. Sleep, then, is a kind of school and it provides a kind of learning. Sleep learning really does exist, and it is far more interesting and complicated than putting a French book under your pillow in order to learn French.
The effect of serotonin on penicillin-induced epileptiform activity
Published in International Journal of Neuroscience, 2019
Mehmet Taskiran, Abdulkadir Tasdemir, Nusret Ayyildiz, Mustafa Ayyildiz, Erdal Agar
5-HT is one of the well-known neurotransmitters that has general physiological functions including control of appetite, sleep, learning and memory and behavior [6]. Serotonin is produced by enterochromaffin cells in the gastrointestinal tract and serotonergic neurons in the central nervous system [7]. Bonnycastle et al. were the first to suggest that there may be a relationship between serotonin and epilepsy about six decades ago [8]. It is known that 5-HT reuptake blockers and 5-HTP suppress generalized and focal seizures [9,10]. Fluoxetine, a selective 5-HT reuptake blocker, increased the density of the GABA receptor and protected against lithium-pilocarpine-induced seizures in rats [11]. Similarly, increase in brain serotonin levels caused a decrease in seizure susceptibility [12–14]. Serotonin levels were significantly reduced following methionine sulfoximine (MSO) and also inhibition of the decrease in serotonin levels by coadministration of 5-HTP delayed the onset of MSO-induced seizures in mice [15].
Concept of diverse sleep treatments in physiotherapy
Published in European Journal of Physiotherapy, 2019
All these rules and tips can be found in many guidelines [4,55], already hundred years ago with similar instructions as today concerning the ‘modern’ society [56,p.660]. Physicians and psychologists can also provide those verbal instructions. However, a physical therapist is able to promote activating and relaxing skills (by contact stimulation and different physiotherapy techniques). A physical therapist is optimally qualified to guide a patient suffering from insomnia during the sleep learning process.