China
Africa
Explore chapters and articles related to this topic
Special Considerations for Men's Health
Published in Gia Merlo, Kathy Berra, Lifestyle Nursing, 2023
Male infertility is the inability to conceive a child with unprotected sexual intercourse between a man and woman for a year or longer. Male infertility is estimated to impact approximately 48.5 million couples, which is about 15% of couples globally. Male infertility frequently results from an etiologic combination of male and female fertility issues. Males are estimated to be the sole etiology in about 20% to 30% of all infertility cases but contribute to about 50% of all cases overall (Agarwal et al., 2015). Agarwal et al. reported that there are at least 30 million men worldwide who are infertile, with the highest rates of infertility in Africa and Eastern Europe.
The Infertile Male
Published in Arianna D'Angelo, Nazar N. Amso, Ultrasound in Assisted Reproduction and Early Pregnancy, 2020
Thoraya Ammar, C. Jason Wilkins, Dean C.Y. Huang, Paul S. Sidhu
Infection and inflammation of the genital tract are considered the most frequent causes of reduced male fertility, without conclusive epidemiology data [25]. Clinical and pathological evidence exists to support the concept that chronic testicular inflammatory conditions disrupt spermatogenesis and irreversibly alter the number and quality of spermatozoa [25]. Chronic epididymitis and epididymo-orchitis can also result in testicular atrophy, and epididymitis may result in post-inflammatory epididymal obstruction causing obstructive azoospermia.
Buriti (Mauritia flexuosa L.) Oil Supplementation: Effects on Oxidative Stress and Hormonal Concentrations in Male Wistar Rats
Published in Megh R. Goyal, Hafiz Ansar Rasul Suleria, Ademola Olabode Ayeleso, T. Jesse Joel, Sujogya Kumar Panda, The Therapeutic Properties of Medicinal Plants, 2019
Boitumelo Rosemary Mosito, Nicole Lisa Brooks, Yapo Guillaume Aboua
Male fertility can be affected by lifestyle, hormonal control, age, chronic diseases, and oxidative stress. Antioxidants have been shown to treat diseases caused by oxidative stress. Several researchers have demonstrated the successful use of antioxidant-rich foods such as nuts, green tea, and oils in the improvement of male fertility [7, 8, 10]. Buriti oil is a palm oil from the Buriti fruit known as Mauritia flexuosa (known as moriche palm) [39]. This palm tree is abundant in Amazonian parts of Southern America. Buriti oil is rich in antioxidants mainly carotenoids, tocopherols, and tocotrienols. Carotenoids are precursors of vitamin A, while vitamin E consists of tocopherols and tocotrienols.
How Medical Technologies Materialize Oppression
Published in The American Journal of Bioethics, 2023
Rebecca Jordan-Young describes how measurement technologies embed assumptions, arguing that measures are “vehicles through which assumptions travel in studies without being tested” (Jordan-Young 2011, 55). When those assumptions are oppressive, assumption embedding materializes oppression. Consider, for instance, the two most widely-used technologies for measuring human fertility: semen analysis for men, and ovarian reserve testing (ORT) for women. Both male and female fertility—defined as the ability, under certain specified conditions, to produce offspring—changes as we age. Yet only ORT builds this temporal information into the fertility measurement technology itself. Elsewhere (Boulicault 2021), I’ve argued that this temporal discrepancy in fertility measurement technologies is not warranted by evidence. Instead, this discrepancy is a result of heteronormative, racialized and gendered assumptions that positions women as responsible for reproduction and family life.
Investigation of motivations for depositing sperm during the COVID-19 pandemic
Published in Human Fertility, 2023
Daniel Rosenkjær, Anne-Bine Skytte, Charlotte Kroløkke
Male fertility is also affected by many external parameters (e.g. chemicals (Sharma et al., 2020), diet (Skoracka et al., 2020) and viral infections. Viral infection in males is accepted as a possible cause of infertility. This is in part due to fever associated with a viral infection (Evenson et al., 2000; Sergerie et al., 2007), but also the damage the virus imposes on infected tissues (e.g. mumps (Wu et al., 2021)), herpes simplex, human papillomavirus, hepatitis B and C and HIV (Batiha et al., 2020). Lately, several studies have investigated the effects of SARS-COV-2 and COVID-19 on male fertility because of the increased incidence of the infection compared to females, but also are more likely to suffer or die from complication (Guan et al., 2020; Livingston & Bucher, 2020; Rozenberg et al., 2020). The SARS-COV-2 virus infects through the ACE2 receptor (Tian et al., 2020). Several organs other than the lungs express ACE2 receptors (e.g. kidneys and the bladder), but the highest expression of ACE2 receptors is in the testes (Fan et al., 2020). This has raised concerns about the virus entering and possibly affecting the spermatogenesis process. However, ACE2 expression was found to be mainly expressed in the spermatogonia, Leydig, and Sertoli cells, while spermatocytes and spermatids had low expression (Wang & Xu, 2020), and no virus has been found in semen (Burke et al., 2021; Song et al., 2020).
Growing on (in)fertile ground: an evolutionary concept analysis of Black female fertility
Published in Human Fertility, 2021
Morine Cebert, Rosa Gonzalez-Guarda, Eleanor Stevenson
Female fertility is a complex phenomenon that includes many biological, personal, social and political attributes leading to a unique experience for women. Women’s fertility is most associated with the quality of being fertile or the capacity for reproduction and procreation (Rodriguez, 2013). In Rodriguez’s (2013) conceptual work on female fertility, she defined the concept as a paradoxical phenomenon of power between the biological and psychosexual self. She notes female fertility as a paradoxical phenomenon because the physiological capabilities of reproduction are central to fertility, yet the psychosexual experiences of pregnancy, birth or infertility often put women in positions that make them feel powerless. Even with an extensive review, Rodriguez (2013) did not specifically address any ethnic or race based disparities prevalent in the current United States healthcare system.