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Intelligent Ovarian Detection and Classification in Ultrasound Images Using Machine Learning Techniques
Published in Ayodeji Olalekan Salau, Shruti Jain, Meenakshi Sood, Computational Intelligence and Data Sciences, 2022
V. Kiruthika, S. Sathiya, M.M. Ramya
Female infertility is a major and thoughtful concern in today’s world and contributes to about 37% worldwide and 12.5% in India. Among the recognizable causes, it is reported that ovulatory disorders are a main cause of female infertility, contributing to 25% in majority of the infertile women (WHO Technical Report Series, 1992). Ovaries have a fluid filled sac called ovarian follicle in which the mature egg is present. In a normal ovary, the mature egg is released from the follicle during the ovulation process. Ovulatory disorders are due to the failure or irregularity in the ovulation process that occurs in the ovary, resulting in ovarian cysts or polycysts. An ovary with an ovarian cyst is called cystic ovary, and an ovary with polycysts is called polycystic ovary.
Acne, rosacea, and similar disorders
Published in Rashmi Sarkar, Anupam Das, Sumit Sethi, Concise Dermatology, 2021
Histologically, the essential features are those of a folliculitis with considerable inflammation. The exact histological picture depends on the stage reached at the time of biopsy. Usually, it is possible to make out the remnants of a ruptured follicle. In the earliest stages, a follicular plug of the horn (comedone) can be identified. Later, fragments of horn appear to have provoked a violent mixed inflammatory reaction with many polymorphs and, in places, a granulomatous reaction with many giant cells and histiocytes (Figure 10.16). In older lesions, fibrous tissue is deposited, indicating scar formation.
Ultrasonographic Monitoring of Follicle Growth in Controlled Ovarian Hyperstimulation
Published in Arianna D'Angelo, Nazar N. Amso, Ultrasound in Assisted Reproduction and Early Pregnancy, 2020
The results show that most of the differences in ovarian follicle counts occurred when the total follicle counts increased to approximately 10 total follicles. It would help to decide what cut-off difference in the number of follicles is considered clinically acceptable without interfering with patient treatment. A review of the literature does not give a definite number. With a cut-off difference of five follicles, 2D and 3D counts differed by 10% when performed by the same experienced operator.
The effect of a single escalating dose of long-acting recombinant human follicle-stimulating hormone Fc fusion protein (KN015) on healthy, pituitary-suppressed women: first-in-human and randomized study on its pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, and tolerability
Published in Expert Opinion on Investigational Drugs, 2022
Hong Zhang, Yanyan Fan, Lei Gao, Boguang Wang, Ting Xu, Min Wu, Jingrui Liu, Xiaoxue Zhu, Xiaojiao Li, Hong Chen, Cuiyun Li, Meng Wang, Chengjiao Liu, Yanhong Mao, Mingtang Yang, Yanhua Ding
A follicle diameter of ≥17 mm was a sign of the follicle approaching maturity. No follicles with a diameter of ≥17 mm were found in the placebo or 20 μg group. However, follicles with a diameter of ≥17 mm were observed in the 40 μg group on D6 and in the 60 μg group on D11. The mean maximum numbers of follicles with a diameter of ≥17 mm were 2.3 and 6.7 on D22 in the 40 and 60 μg of KN015 groups, respectively. There were three subjects (37.5%) with a follicle diameter of ≥17 mm in the 40 μg group and four subjects (66.7%) in the 60 μg group (Figure 2). The mean change in follicle numbers relative to the baseline value was not statistically significant in the placebo, 20-μg, and 40-μg groups. However, in the 60-μg group, an increase in the follicle number was observed from D6 to D30 (Figure 3).
The effect of medical ozone therapy in addition to ovarian detorsion in ischemia reperfusion model
Published in Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, 2022
Sema Süzen Çaypınar, Sema Karakaş, Cihan Kaya, Damlanur Sakız, Salim Sezer, Murat Ekin
The excised ovaries were kept in a 10% formalin solution and evaluated after 24 h by a pathologist (D.S.) who was blinded to the study groups. The tissue samples were embedded into the paraffin blocks, cut into 4-μm slices, and prepared for haematoxylin and eosin staining. Follicle counting was performed according to the study by Ozler et al. (Ozler et al. 2013). At least five microscopic fields were evaluated with light microscopy (Nikon Eclipse 80i AS Amstelveen, The Netherlands). The follicles were divided into four groups according to their diameter: primordial (<20 μm), preantral (20–220 μm), small antral (221–310 μm), and large antral (311–370 μm). Atretic follicles were defined according to the study by Osman (1985). The ovarian damage score was evaluated on the basis of the following parameters: follicle cell degeneration, vascular congestion, haemorrhage, and inflammation for both ovaries (0: none, 1: mild, 2: moderate, 3: severe). Total damage score was calculated by summing four parameters (follicular cell damage, vascular congestion, haemorrhage, inflammation) (Guven et al. 2009) (Figure 3A–D).
Variation in follicle health and development in cultured cryopreserved ovarian cortical tissue: a study of ovarian tissue from patients undergoing fertility preservation
Published in Human Fertility, 2021
Charlotte A. Walker, Briet D. Bjarkadottir, Muhammad Fatum, Sheila Lane, Suzannah A. Williams
The overall goal of in vitro follicle growth is to generate systems that support development and maturation of a competent human egg for use by women at risk of premature ovarian insufficiency (De Vos, Smitz, & Woodruff, 2014; McLaughlin, Albertini, Wallace, Anderson, & Telfer, 2018; Xiao et al., 2015). For humans, an in vitro system capable of generating metaphase II oocytes from fresh cortical tissue has recently been described using a three-step culture method prior to in vitro maturation (McLaughlin et al., 2018). However, culture systems aiming to support the initiation of follicle growth and early development have predominantly used fresh tissue from healthy women undergoing gynaecological operations whose biology may differ from those who may benefit from fertility preservation. To date, there is no data regarding the variation in health and development of follicles in vitro from tissue cryopreserved for fertility preservation in women undergoing gonadotoxic treatments, despite the high importance of this for developing techniques for fertility restoration.