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Classification of Pain
Published in Benjamin Apichai, Chinese Medicine for Lower Body Pain, 2021
Low back pain in female patients: Female patients often suffer from back pain caused by endometritis, adnexitis, salpingitis, retroverted uterus, pelvic inflammatory disease, uterine fibroids, cervical cancer, and ovarian cysts. Low back pain is also common during pregnancy as the baby develops.
Categories and methods of hyperthermia in oncology
Published in Clifford L. K. Pang, Kaiman Lee, Hyperthermia in Oncology, 2015
Clifford L. K. Pang, Kaiman Lee
Therapeutic effects of paraffin include thermal effect, mechanical effect, and promotion of wound healing. Indications: (1) Motor system diseases, such as muscular fibrositis, myospasm, soft tissue contusion, rheumatic or rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, traumatic arthritis, and articular dysfunction prior to the application of kinesitherapy; (2)various chronic inflammations, such as chronic adnexitis, chronic colitis, refractory wound, and ulceration; (3) hyperplasia scar; (4) various neuralgias and peripheral nerve paralysis; and (5) frostbite.
Clinical Applications of Prescriptions Containing Bupleurum Root
Published in Sheng-Li Pan, Bupleurum Species, 2006
When using the recipe to treat 46 cases of chronic adnexitis and ovarian cyst, 32 cases were completely cured, 13 cases improved, and 1 case showed no effect. Among 30 cases of ovarian cyst, constantly taking the recipe for 3 months resulted in 24 cases completely cured, 3 with effective results, and 3 with no effect.
Novel therapeutic opportunities for Toxoplasma gondii, Trichomonas vaginalis, and Giardia intestinalis infections
Published in Expert Opinion on Therapeutic Patents, 2023
Francesca Arrighi, Arianna Granese, Paola Chimenti, Paolo Guglielmi
Trichomonas vaginalis is a flagellate protozoan involved in the insurgence of trichomoniasis, an urogenital infection in humans that are the only natural hosts for the parasite [25]. Other species affecting humans, over Trichomonas vaginalis, are Trichomonas tenax, observed in oral gingival and tracheobronchial sites, and Pentatrichomonas hominis isolated from the intestinal tract; however, these are considered nonpathogenic [26]. With respect to T. gondii, T. vaginalis has a simpler life cycle presenting only the trophozoite stage, albeit pseudocysts have been described under stressful conditions [27]. Moreover, T. vaginalis presents hydrogenosomes in spite of mitochondria, as unique energy-producing organelles involved in the metabolism adaptation. T. vaginalis is considered the main non-viral sexually transmitted infection (STI), while transmission via fomites and water has been rarely described [28]. Even though T. vaginalis infected patients are often asymptomatic, this infection may result in a variety of clinical manifestations. In women, the site mainly affected by infection is the vagina, albeit urethra and endocervix are also reached by the trophozoites. As a result, symptoms may include vaginal discharge, pruritus, odor, and irritation up to endometritis, adnexitis, pyosalpinx, and atypical pelvic inflammatory [29]. Moreover, trichomoniasis can also affect the pregnancy course, leading to low birth weight, membrane’s premature rupture, and preterm delivery [30]. In men, the spectrum of trichomoniasis is less well characterized, albeit related with urethritis accompanied by scanty, clear to mucopurulent discharge, dysuria, and mild pruritus. Prostatitis, balanoposthitis, epididymo-orchitis, and possibly infertility are other complications that can occur as consequence of T. vaginalis infection [28]. Finally, an important aspect in T. vaginalis infection is the bidirectional relationship with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) due to positive association with both HIV transmission and acquisition [31].