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Telerehabilitation
Published in Claudio F. Donner, Nicolino Ambrosino, Roger S. Goldstein, Pulmonary Rehabilitation, 2020
Michele Vitacca, Michael K. Stickland
Among different telehealth opportunities, telerehabilitation is defined as ICT to provide clinical rehabilitation services from a distance (24). Telerehabilitation may be used for a wide range of purposes, and may include decreasing hospital care services, reducing the cost of care, improving adherence to physical activity (PA), training and correcting lifestyles, improving accessibility of services, extending the reach of services to remote locations, improving self-monitoring, better understanding of prescribed treatments, improving adherence and better communication with health professionals (8). In general, telerehabilitation seems no different to other delivery models for patients with cardiopulmonary diseases in terms of outcomes, adherence rates and adverse events (26). Telerehabilitation is in fact a unique facet of the telehealth arena, as it moves beyond telehealth monitoring and communication to active patient and therapist participation in the rehabilitation process, with less direct therapist−patient interaction than what is typically provided.
Technology-Based Delivery of Neuropsychological Rehabilitation
Published in Barbara A. Wilson, Jill Winegardner, Caroline M. van Heugten, Tamara Ownsworth, Neuropsychological Rehabilitation, 2017
Theo Tsaousides, Teresa Ashman
Telerehabilitation is defined as ‘the delivery of rehabilitation services via information and communication technologies … that include assessment, monitoring, prevention, intervention, supervision, education, consultation, and counseling … by a broad range of [rehabilitation] professionals’ (Brennan et al., 2011, p. 663). To depict the emerging landscape this chapter provides a broad description of the state of telerehabilitation for neuropsychological interventions. The first section reviews the neurological disorders for which interventions have been outlined in the literature. The second section describes the various methods of delivering the existing interventions and outcomes targeted. A summary of the current evidence is then provided in the final section. While the evidence that has accumulated supports the use of telerehabilitation interventions from a feasibility perspective, a lot more research is needed to justify the need to transition and expand existing services into the technology-based landscape and to generate practice guidelines.
Teleaudiology
Published in Stavros Hatzopoulos, Andrea Ciorba, Mark Krumm, Advances in Audiology and Hearing Science, 2020
Piotr H. Skarzynski, Mark Krumm, Karolina Penar, Stavros Hatzopoulos
Perhaps in response to the ever-growing applications of telemedicine, there was the realization that “telemedicine” as a term appeared to exclude allied health care professionals. In response, the term “telehealth” became popular and included all health care professionals involved with dispensing health care via a telecommunications medium. In addition, telehealth (and telemedicine) services have been further categorized to other specific needs including: Telecare (also called telemonitoring) is often used for the care of chronically ill patients by monitoring vital signs. Using telecare, healthcare providers can determine if a client is experiencing pathological vital signs through ongoing health care surveillance and, when necessary, to intervene with appropriate management.Telemedicine infers any kind of diagnosis or treatment of clients by a physician utilizing a telecommunications system. Because of the technology involved, telemedicine applications are often one of the most technically advanced forms of healthcare services. One such example is that of telesurgery in which surgeons use remote computing software (interfaced to the robotic technology) to operate on clients in distant locations.Telediagnostics occurs when a specialist uses telecommunications technology to administer a variety of test procedure. Instrumentation in this circumstance is typically interfaced to Internet for measurement and transmission purposes (e.g., such as a heartbeat measured electronically by stethoscope interfaced to a network for telemedicine purposes).Telerehabilitation allows postoperative or postoperative rehabilitation directly at the patient’s home or other facility. These services are generally delivered via interactive video by hearing health care clinicians to provide such services as auditory verbal therapy or tinnitus treatment.Teleducation incorporates the use of Internet teaching solutions typically implemented through online telehealth platforms (e.g., medical telecoms portals or e-learning platforms supporting employees and students). Teleducation can be delivered entirely as “live” sessions with interactive video to one or several sites simultaneously. Frequently, teleducation is delivered in a hybrid model incorporating live lectures which are supplemented by student reading and writing assignments.Teleconsultation refers to the exchange of information between specialists, or a specialist consultation directly with the patient. These consultations can take place at a clinical setting or within client homes.
A systematic review of economic analyses of home-based telerehabilitation
Published in Disability and Rehabilitation, 2022
Alisa Grigorovich, Min Xi, Natascha Lam, Maureen Pakosh, Brian C. F. Chan
The use of telerehabilitation may result in similar or lower costs as compared to in-person rehabilitation for the health care system and for patients, with the majority of cost savings associated with decreases in the costs of staff and transportation. Where results were evaluated for statistical significance, telerehabilitation was not observed to provide statistically significant differences in costs or clinical outcomes. The impact of telerehabilitation on health-related quality of life is unclear; however, there is some evidence that it may provide other non-monetary benefits that may enhance long-term health outcomes. More high quality and robust economic evaluations that explore the impact of telerehabilitation on patients, caregivers, and the health care system are still needed across all types of health conditions.
Virtual reality in physical rehabilitation: a narrative review and critical reflection
Published in Physical Therapy Reviews, 2022
Michael J. Lukacs, Shahan Salim, Michael J. Katchabaw, Euson Yeung, David M. Walton
By the end of the 1990s, VR was finding use in telerehabilitation, allowing a therapist to provide physical rehabilitation in a virtual space [43, 49]. At this time, telerehabilitation was defined as the delivery of rehabilitation services by means of electronic communication systems, typically through the use of video phones [49]. Unfortunately, the cost of these systems, as high as $6,000 [40], coupled with clunky interfaces and unreliable hardware were barriers to application [43]. VR was also criticized as being limited to audio-visual systems, not allowing the haptic feedback that was thought to be critical to physical therapies [47]. Released in 1996, VividGroup’s Gesture Xtreme VR system emerged as a VR system designed specifically for rehabilitation settings [50, 51]. That said, the Gesture Xtreme VR system is more in line with augmented reality (AR) than true VR. The system used a chroma green backdrop in front of which participants would view a large monitor [50, 51]. Subjects would see themselves in front of a virtual background displaying an interactive environment without the need additional equipment [50, 51]. Known as video-capture VR, this system was used in rehabilitation of patients with both musculoskeletal and neurological conditions [28]. Video-capture VR was a way to implement VR-related applications and allow greater freedom of movement [28]. However the system remained costly precluding use in all but the most specialized rehabilitation clinics [28, 51].
“Everyone needs rehab, but…”: exploring post-stroke rehabilitation referral and acceptance decisions
Published in Disability and Rehabilitation, 2022
Kerry Marnane, Louise Gustafsson, Sally Bennett, Ingrid Rosbergen, Rohan Grimley
Perceived gaps in stroke rehabilitation services highlighted in this study are consistent with those previously reported for patients with high-level goals such as return to work or driving [17] and those with high care needs [37]. Patients from rural or remote communities were identified by interviewees as being particularly disadvantaged in terms of access to rehabilitation close to home, as has been found in the most recent Australian stroke care audit [38]. The rates of referrals for sites treating a greater proportion of patients from rural or remote areas could be compared to metropolitan hospitals, in order to confirm or contest the reported service gaps. Further investigation into whether there is a place for increased use of telehealth to support rehabilitation of patients closer to home may be particularly prudent, as recent systematic reviews have suggested that telerehabilitation has equivalent, if not better, outcomes than traditional rehabilitation [39,40]. Telerehabilitation may be an avenue to improve rehabilitation options for patients from rural or remote communities and potentially reduce the burden on inpatient services attached to major hospitals.