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Intestinal Failure
Published in Praveen S. Goday, Cassandra L. S. Walia, Pediatric Nutrition for Dietitians, 2022
Rashmi Patil, Elizabeth King, Jeffrey Rudolph
Referrals for speech therapy, occupational therapy, and physical therapy should be considered. These referrals should be made early to optimize development in the early years. Early referral to feeding therapy is also recommended to those children at risk for feeding difficulties. Occupational therapists may additionally assist with optimizing feeding and mobility. They may be able to recommend backpacks designed for EN and PN pumps to allow for school participation and activities of daily living. Patients with suspected short stature should be referred to an endocrinologist for further evaluation.
Emerging paradigms in health care education in Nigeria
Published in Joseph A. Balogun, Health Care Education in Nigeria, 2020
All the HCE programs, except for speech pathology and audiology, laboratory technology, optometry, nutrition, and dietetics, are organizationally “housed” within the CHS (Table 7.4). Speech language pathology (speech therapy) and audiology are within the Department of Special Education at the UI. At the Modibbo Adama University of Technology, laboratory technology is within the Faculty of Natural Science. Optometry is administratively within the Faculty of Natural Science at the UNIBEN, and nutrition is within the Faculty of Education at the UI. Nutrition and dietetics are administratively located within the Faculty of Agriculture in several universities – Imo State University, UNN, Bells University of Technology, University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Nasarawa State University, Michael Okpara University of Agriculture, Wesley University of Science and Technology, and Bowen University. Biomedical engineering is within the Faculty of Engineering and Technology at the University of Ilorin (Balogun, 2017). These examples are an anomaly, and the issue must be addressed.
Degenerative Diseases of the Nervous System
Published in Philip B. Gorelick, Fernando D. Testai, Graeme J. Hankey, Joanna M. Wardlaw, Hankey's Clinical Neurology, 2020
James A. Mastrianni, Elizabeth A. Harris
Clinical trials with idebenone have demonstrated some benefit for cardiac hypertrophy in Friedreich's patients.37,38 There was a suggestion of possible benefit for neurologic symptoms at higher doses, especially in patients not yet wheelchair bound.39 Clinical trials are currently underway to assess this prospectively. Symptomatic treatment with: Spasticity medication (e.g. baclofen, botulinum toxin).Physiotherapy.Occupational therapy.Podiatry.Speech therapy.Social work.Cardiology consultation: for hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.Pulmonary function.Orthopedic spinal surgery (Harrington's rod); for scoliosis.
Better long-term speech outcomes in stroke survivors who received early clinical speech and language therapy: What’s driving recovery?
Published in Neuropsychological Rehabilitation, 2022
Sophie Roberts, Rachel M. Bruce, Louise Lim, Hayley Woodgate, Kate Ledingham, Storm Anderson, Diego L. Lorca-Puls, Andrea Gajardo-Vidal, Alexander P. Leff, Thomas M. H. Hope, David W. Green, Jennifer T. Crinion, Cathy J. Price
The speech and language therapy received by our patients can be described as “clinical” (i.e., part of routine care) rather than “experimental” (i.e., delivered as part of a research project). Speech and language therapy provision in the UK is guided by NICE (National Institute for Health and Care Excellence) clinical guidelines, which recommend screening for communication impairments within 72 h of stroke (NICE, 2013). If speech therapy is required, it should be provided in 45 min-long sessions (or less, for those who cannot tolerate this amount), for a minimum of 5 days per week. Further rehabilitation can then be offered for those who can participate and continue to make functional gains. There are no additional specific recommendations for the timing, amount, intensity and duration of therapy. If communication difficulties persist at 6-month or annual review, patients can be re-referred to speech therapy services, and offered further treatment if they have the potential for functional improvement. Clinical aphasia therapy typically comprises two broad approaches: (1) functional, and (2) impairment-based, targeting expressive and/or receptive language as required. All therapy aims to reduce impairment severity, increase communicative ability, and/or implement alternative methods of communicating, as well as to provide information and support to both the patient and the carer or communication partner. Impairment-based therapy may target speech sounds, single words, or sentences, and therapists provide support and guidance through strategies such as modelling and cues.
The use of acrylic window as protective physical barrier against coronavirus infection in the context of voice disorders
Published in Speech, Language and Hearing, 2021
Panagiotis Plotas, Konstantinos Kagkelaris, Ariadni Konstantopoulou, Constantine Georgakopoulos, Eleni Jelastopulu
During COVID-19 pandemic, Speech-Language Pathologists (SLPs) are subject to virus exposure due to their proximity to the aerodigestive tract and reliance to Aerosol-Generating Procedures (AGPs) in swallow assessments and interventions. AGPs are according to the American-Speech-Language Hearing Association (ASHA) currently defined as medical procedures that are ‘more likely to generate higher concentrations of infectious respiratory aerosols than coughing, sneezing, talking, or breathing’ and result in ‘uncontrolled respiratory secretions’ (ASHA guidance to SLPs regarding aerosol generating procedures, 2020; Bolton, Mills, Wallace, & Brady, 2020; Miles, Zeng, Mclauchlan, & Huckabee, 2013; Miles et al., 2020). Speech therapy includes common practices such as the treatment and care of dysphagia, the assessment and management of laryngectomy and tracheostomy, non-invasive ventilation, instrumental and non-instrumental assessment of voice and swallowing. Thus, appropriate protective measures are a high priority, as the disease is mainly transmitted through respiratory droplets from both symptomatic and asymptomatic patients. To keep the clinician’s personal exposure and risk of contamination as low as possible, we propose the introduction of a sealed acrylic window with a dome shaped projection to facilitate the examination process, as a novel protective measure, in the context of physical barriers.
Challenges faced by parents of children with autism spectrum disorder in Malaysia
Published in Speech, Language and Hearing, 2020
Shin Ying Chu, Siti Nor Syamim Aqila binti Mohd Normal, Grace E. McConnell, Joo Siang Tan, Susheel Kaur Dhillon Joginder Singh
Lack of speech production was the main indicator that led parents (P1, P4) to seek a diagnosis for their children. This could be due to the lack of knowledge about typical developmental milestones for speech and language. Parents P1 and P2 thought that the delay in communication skills which their children had exhibited was a developmental process and that eventually the children would outgrow these delays as they grew up. P1 reported that, My mother in-law said “this is normal; kids act like that.” So I delay (in getting intervention). I send him to kindergarten. The teacher said he can’t focus, can’t study anything. At three and half years old, I start to seek for speech therapy in many places. In hospitals, online, call special church’s school.