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Cardiac Emergencies in Obstetrics
Published in Sanjeewa Padumadasa, Malik Goonewardene, Obstetric Emergencies, 2021
Sanjeewa Padumadasa, Sanjeewa Rajapakse
Many women recover spontaneously with no residual damage. A few progress to severe heart failure which requires mechanical ventilation and heart transplantation. Echocardiography should be performed after six weeks and thereafter, every six months in order to inspect for recovery.
Pre-Procedural Risk Assessment and Optimization
Published in Vikram S. Kashyap, Matthew Janko, Justin A. Smith, Endovascular Tools & Techniques Made Easy, 2020
Sami Kishawi, Matthew Janko, Vikram S. Kashyap, Teresa Carman
Echocardiogram: An “echo” or “transthoracic echo” (TTE) is a non-invasive and painless way to assess heart function and pressures using ultrasound through the skin of the chest. The test can be augmented with medications or physiologic maneuvers, and can even be performed from within the esophagus (TEE). Echocardiography is appropriate to assess any moderate- to high-risk patients with the following: A plan for complex or interventional procedures with the potential for blood loss or ischemiaA plan for diagnostic procedures to assess the function of the heartA history of adverse cardiac event or recent cardiac interventionA recent history of change of symptoms (i.e., new shortness of breath or angina) (3–5)
Obstetrics: Answers
Published in Euan Kevelighan, Jeremy Gasson, Makiya Ashraf, Get Through MRCOG Part 2: Short Answer Questions, 2020
Euan Kevelighan, Jeremy Gasson, Makiya Ashraf
Likely parvovirus B19. Detailed history and maternal FBC, blood group and antibodies, Kleihauer, infection screen, autoantibodies, oral GTT.Detailed fetal ultrasound and fetal echocardiography.Fetal blood testing – cordocentesis.
Highlights of imaging heart structure and function
Published in Acta Cardiologica, 2023
Patrizio Lancellotti, Adriana Postolache, Raluca Dulgheru
Echocardiography is routinely used in the diagnosis, management, and follow-up of patients with any suspected or known heart diseases. Echocardiography is non-invasive, easy to use and provides high resolution real-time imaging. Two-dimensional echocardiography (2DE) is the most standard form of echocardiography. 2DE is particularly useful for the proper assessment of the morphological and functional properties of the left ventricle (LV). Three-dimensional echocardiography (3DE) allows for a more accurate evaluation of left and right cardiac size and function. In clinical practice echocardiography is often complemented by cardiac magnetic resonance, cardiac computed tomography (CT), nuclear cardiology (single-photon emission tomography and positron emission tomography) to improve patient care [5–7].
Decision making in anomalous aortic origin of a coronary artery
Published in Expert Review of Cardiovascular Therapy, 2023
Hitesh Agrawal, Alexandra Lamari-Fisher, Keren Hasbani, Stephanie Philip, Charles D. Fraser, Carlos M. Mery
Echocardiography generally evaluates the origin of the coronary arteries, ventricular function, and wall motion abnormalities. CTA is useful not only as a confirmatory test but as the imaging modality to define all anatomical details that will help with further decision-making (Figure 2). CTA is used to evaluate the exact origin, course, caliber, and branching pattern of coronary arteries. Images are obtained with retrospective electrocardiography gating and are transferred to a post-processing workstation. Image-reformatting techniques and virtual angioscopy are used for analysis. The standard reading and reporting template used (see above, ‘Nomenclature and classification’) is useful not only for communication within the program but also for longitudinal data collection and communication with other providers.
The relationship between CHA2DS2VASc score and left ventricular apical thrombus formation in patients with acute anterior ST segment elevation myocardial infarction
Published in Acta Cardiologica, 2023
Emrah Bayam, Ender Özgün Çakmak, Ersin Yıldırım, Macit Kalçık, Yusuf Bilen, Ahmet Güner, Ayhan Küp, Muzaffer Kahyaoğlu, Mehmet Çelik, Lütfi Öcal, Anıl Avcı, Regayip Zehir
Baseline 2-dimensional and Doppler echocardiographic examination was performed in all patients by experienced cardiologists to assess left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), mechanical complications and the presence of LVAT during hospital stay using the same commercially available ultrasound equipments. Initial echocardiography was performed within 7 days of admission. Parasternal long and short axis, apical 2- and 4- chamber views were obtained. A left ventricular apical aneurysm was defined as an obvious outward bulging of the LV apical wall during diastole with a lack of wall motion (akinesia) observed during systole or a paradoxical expansion (dyskinesia) [12]. Formation of LVAT was diagnosed when an echo-dense mass with clearly distinct margin from the LV endocardium was identified using at least 2 echocardiographic views which was attached to LV apical wall [13]. All patients were evaluated by echocardiography at 3rd, 6th and 12th months.