China 
Africa 
Explore chapters and articles related to this topic
Cavitation, Thin-walled Cysts and Bullae, their Association with Tumours. Emphysema. Fat and Calcification. Spurious Tumours. Intravascular, Pulmonary Interstitial & Mediastinal Gas, and Pneumoperitoneum.
Published in Fred W Wright, Radiology of the Chest and Related Conditions, 2022
Occasionally what appears to be a lung abscess on radiological grounds, i.e. it has a thin wall, and what looks like pus to the naked eye on aspiration, will on microscopy prove to be tumour - Illus. CA SQUAMOUS, Pt.4a-d shows such a case where the macroscopic pus was found to be composed of degenerate squamous tumour cells. Similarly a case referred to Oxford with what was considered to be multiple lung abscesses, was due to multiple tumour deposits from squamous lung cancer.
Diagnostic Imaging in Inhalation Lung Injury
Published in Jacob Loke, Pathophysiology and Treatment of Inhalation Injuries, 2020
Caroline Chiles, Laurence W. Hedlund, Charles E. Putman
Exposure to smoke or noxious gases can result in asphyxia, and the resulting loss of consciousness predisposes the patient to aspiration of gastric contents. Aspiration may be superimposed on the lung injury primarily related to inhalation, or it can mimic inhalation injury. Focal disease in the presence of a resolving pattern of edema may be due to pneumonia or aspiration. 111Indium-labeled white cell scanning may help to document the presence of pulmonary infection. Pulmonary infection can progress to lung abscess, often in the dependent areas of the lungs (Fig. 3b).
Lung Abscess
Published in Firza Alexander Gronthoud, Practical Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, 2020
Diagnosis of lung abscess is generally made by radiological appearances of an air-fluid level on a chest X-ray/CT scan, together with compatible symptoms. The foul-smelling sputum that is often produced should be sent for standard culture, together with investigations for tuberculosis if this is a possible cause. Sputum culture may well not be helpful, as the polymicrobial nature of lung abscesses derived from the oropharynx will lead to the cultures being reported as mixed oral flora. Blood cultures are rarely positive, except in those patients with septic pulmonary emboli from either the deep veins or tricuspid valves, e.g. patients who inject intravenous drugs. Radiological monitoring of response to treatment can be with standard chest radiographs or CT scanning depending on the extent of the original radiological findings.
Bilateral pneumatoceles resulting in spontaneous bilateral pneumothoraces and secondary infection in a previously healthy man with COVID-19
Published in Baylor University Medical Center Proceedings, 2021
Piruthiviraj Natarajan, James Skidmore, Olufemi Aduroja, Vamsi Kunam, Dan Schuller
Acute or chronic lung infection, mechanical ventilation, lung trauma, or aspiration of certain hydrocarbons can result in pneumatoceles.8 In COVID-19 pneumonia, late development of multiple pneumatoceles with rupture causing bilateral pneumothoraces, pneumomediastinum, and subcutaneous emphysema is a rare complication, particularly in patients who did not require positive pressure ventilatory support.9 Lung compliance is severely affected after COVID-19 pneumonia, and patients with lower compliance were found to have higher mortality rates.5 As seen in our patient, the development of pulmonary necrosis leading to pneumatoceles or cavitary lung lesions can cause hemoptysis, and if disruption of the visceral pleura occurs can result in life-threatening pneumothoraces. About 85% of all patients with pneumatoceles recover spontaneously, whereas some critically ill patients warrant surgical resection.2,6 Our patient was treated successfully with a prolonged course of IV and oral antimicrobial therapy, consistent with standard treatment recommendations for lung abscess.7
Efficacy and safety of percutaneous tube drainage in lung abscess: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Published in Expert Review of Respiratory Medicine, 2020
Qibin Lin, Minli Jin, Yacan Luo, Meixi Zhou, Chang Cai
Respiratory infections are among the most common causes of death worldwide. Lung abscess is reported as a lung infectious disease that may lead to particularly high mortality without clear treatment. A lung abscess is a lesion in the lung parenchyma that is caused by various pathogenic microorganisms, which results in a necrotic cavity with or without fluid [1]. Sometimes it appears as multiple lesions (diameter < 2 cm), termed ‘necrotizing pneumonia’ or ‘lung gangrene’ [2]. Lung abscesses can be classified as follows: 1. Primary lung abscess, which is directly caused by pneumonia or accidental attraction, but not due to other underlying disease processes. 2. Secondary lung abscess, which is due to other diseases, such as tumor, foreign body obstruction of the bronchi, congenital pulmonary dysplasia, bronchiectasis, immunosuppression, or the spread of extrapulmonary lesions to the lung (including hematogenous lung abscess) [3].
Empyema necessitans in a six-month-old girl
Published in Paediatrics and International Child Health, 2019
P. Goussard, Robert Gie, Jacques Janson, Savvas Andronikou
A contrasted chest computer tomography (CT) was undertaken to elucidate the underlying pathology. Coronal reformatting (multiplane reformatting is a technique used in two-dimensional tomographic imaging to generate sagittal, coronal and oblique views from axial sections) demonstrated multi-loculated chest wall abscesses, a loculated pleural effusion, a lung abscess and erosion of the anterior end of the sixth rib (Figure 1). The bony involvement was confirmed by 3D volume-rendering reconstruction of the computer tomography (Figure 2). The greater abscess component was intrathoracic involving the underlying lung parenchymal tissue with the lung abscess compressing the adjacent lung.