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The needs of migrants in transit
Published in Miriam Orcutt, Clare Shortall, Sarah Walpole, Aula Abbara, Sylvia Garry, Rita Issa, Alimuddin Zumla, Ibrahim Abubakar, Handbook of Refugee Health, 2021
Olaa Mohamed-Ahmed, Samafilan Ainan, Grazia Caleo, Abdulkarim Ekzayez, Osama Elgamal, Najeeb Rahman, Sakib Rokadiya, Afifah Rahman-Shepherd, Osman Dar
Suicidal ideation ranges from having thoughts about committing suicide to expressing a clear method or plan to commit suicide. When assessing the risk of suicide in persons expressing suicidal thoughts, particularly consider the following:Previous self-harm or suicide attemptsAccess to lethal methodsCurrent medicationsHistory of alcohol or substance useDiagnosed mental health conditions and depressive or other psychiatric symptomsSocial support and current context (e.g. if detained or on the move)
Substance Use Disorder, Intentional Self-Harm, Gun Violence, and HIV/AIDS
Published in Amy J. Litterini, Christopher M. Wilson, Physical Activity and Rehabilitation in Life-threatening Illness, 2021
Amy J. Litterini, Christopher M. Wilson
The effects of prior suicide attempts, and ongoing suicidal ideation, can persist and significantly impact quality of life. The residual effects following survival of a severe fall, a gunshot wound, lacerations, or attempted poisoning can have detrimental effects on all the major body systems. Ongoing mental health problems, as well as SUD, can compound suffering for survivors of suicide attempts and limit their motivations about the future. Having an interdisciplinary team involved, specifically with training in surveillance and monitoring of suicide attempts, can help to reduce the risk of suicide and self-harm, or at the very least identify them early to allow for referral for treatment. Broaching the topic of suicidal ideation is the responsibility of the healthcare provider when it is suspected, and asking the question if someone is considering suicide can expedite access to necessary supportive care.40 Managing co-occurring conditions and making the necessary referrals for patients and clients can help to save a life and reduce the public health burden of this unfortunate scenario.
Violence in Schizophrenia
Published in Ragy R. Girgis, Gary Brucato, Jeffrey A. Lieberman, Understanding and Caring for People with Schizophrenia, 2020
Ragy R. Girgis, Gary Brucato, Jeffrey A. Lieberman
Therefore, studying, speaking about, and writing about violence in psychosis are challenging. However, we are up to this challenge, and feel that, rather than stigmatize individuals with psychosis, studying violent ideas and behaviors in psychosis reduces stigma. One way to think about this is to consider suicide in depression. Until *recently* (we place asterisks here to include the caveat that suicidality remains a very stigmatized subject, though society is in a better place now than where we were a few decades ago) suicidality was very stigmatizing, so much so that providers and patients alike would not talk about it, due to patients’ concerns of being “crazy,” or clinicians’ concerns about extra effort/litigation etc. However, suicidal ideation is common and an inherent, though not pervasive, part of depression. Suicidal ideation can be passive (ego dystonic) or active (ego syntonic). More severe suicidality implies worse illness. Asking about suicide does not cause suicide.
A Scoping Review of Autism and the Way It Changes the Presentation of Suicidal Thoughts and Behavior Compared to the General Population
Published in Issues in Mental Health Nursing, 2023
Michelle Cleary, Sancia West, Loyola McLean, Glenn E. Hunt, Catherine Hungerford, Rachel Kornhaber
All but two of the included papers (Chen et al., 2017; Chou et al., 2020) referred to the prevalence or presentation of suicidality among autistic people. The prevalence was discussed across the areas of self-harm, suicidal ideation, active planning for suicide, attempted suicide and completed suicide. There were also five studies that included parent-reported instances of suicidal ideation, self-harm and attempted suicide (Bal et al., 2022; Hunsche et al., 2020; La Buissonnière Ariza et al., 2022; Mayes et al., 2013; McDonnell et al., 2020). Instances of self-harm were mentioned in studies, with prevalence ranging from 3.8% (Raja et al., 2011) of participants to 16% (Anderson et al., 2020). Prevalence of suicidal ideation ranged from 4.3% (Hand et al., 2020) to 66% (Cassidy et al., 2014). Planning for suicide ranged from 2.1% (Dow et al., 2021) to 35% (Cassidy et al., 2014), attempted suicide ranged from 0.9% (Kõlves et al., 2021) to 36% (Paquette-Smith et al., 2014), and prevalence of completed suicide ranged from 0.17% (Kirby et al., 2019), 0.4% (Kõlves et al., 2021) and 7.7% (Raja et al., 2011). Parents reported suicidal ideation of 10.8% (McDonnell et al., 2020) to 27.4%, with the highest prevalence being amongst participants with Asperger’s Syndrome (Bal et al., 2022). Parent-report of self-harm varied between 12.5% (McDonnell et al., 2020) and 15% (Hunsche et al., 2020) while attempted suicide was almost half this rate at 7.2% according to one study (Mayes et al., 2013).
Profiles of Passive and Active Suicidal Ideation and Attempts Among Secondary School Students in Australia: A Cross-Sectional Analysis
Published in Archives of Suicide Research, 2022
Lauren McGillivray, Fiona Shand, Alison L. Calear, Philip J. Batterham, Nicola A. Chen, Demee Rheinberger, Hannah Rosebrock, Michelle Torok
Suicidal ideation provides an opportunity for early intervention to prevent suicide attempts. However, there is much that remains unknown about how and why suicidal ideation might infer an increased risk for suicide. This is, in part, because suicidal ideation is not a single, static construct; it differs in its severity from passive ideation (a general desire to be dead) to active ideation (serious thoughts of killing oneself or plans). The risk of engaging in suicidal behavior increases alongside ideation severity (Conway, Erlangsen, Teasdale, Jakobsen, & Larsen, 2017; Czyz & King, 2015), and accordingly, active ideation has been given more empirical and clinical importance. Indeed, several important measures of suicidal ideation only look at active ideation (Liu, Bettis, & Burke, 2020). However, passive ideation may be comparable to active ideation in its association with poor mental health outcomes (Liu et al., 2020; National Action Alliance for Suicide Prevention, 2014) and the possible risk of progression to a suicide attempt and death (Baca-Garcia et al., 2011). Since passive ideation has received relatively little attention, its prevalence has likely been underestimated and our understanding of the associated characteristics that could help to advance screening and intervention is limited (Liu et al., 2020).
Suicide Risk and Protective Factors: A Network Approach
Published in Archives of Suicide Research, 2022
Mikayla S. Holman, Matt N. Williams
In an attempt to increase our understanding of how risk and protective factors interact with one another, the present study applied network analysis to common risk and protective factors for suicide. Feeling depressed, feeling hopeless, and perceived burdensomeness were central risk factors for suicide, while self-esteem and social support were central protective factors. Many risk factors were directly associated with suicidal ideation, including feeling depressed, perceived burdensomeness, substance abuse, feeling hopeless, and feeling anxious. Additionally, four protective factors had direct negative connections to suicidal ideation: resilience, self-esteem, access to mental health services, and positive attitude toward these services. The network approach to examining suicide risk and protective factors has thus far shown itself to be enlightening. With further research and the eventual development of targeted interventions for suicide, there is reason to hope that a reduction in suicide rates may occur in the future.