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Psychology and Human Development EMIs
Published in Michael Reilly, Bangaru Raju, Extended Matching Items for the MRCPsych Part 1, 2018
Clock Drawing.Digit Span.Finger Tapping.MMPI.*National Adult Reading Test.Rey-Osterrieth Complex Figure.Rorschach.Stroop Test.Thematic Apperception Test.Trail-Making Test.
The Psychiatric Interview
Published in Mohamed Ahmed Abd El-Hay, Essentials of Psychiatric Assessment, 2018
More elaborate assessment of attentional capacities additionally test the ability to inhibit distraction or avoid unwanted attentional switching to automatic or overlearned processes (e.g., reading rather than color naming; stroop test). Specific psychometric tests can be used for elaborate assessment, e.g., Continuous Performance Test.
What is hypnosis?
Published in Teri Gavin-Jones, Sandra Handford, Hypnobirth, 2016
Teri Gavin-Jones, Sandra Handford
In 2006, Raz et al. published a paper entitled ‘Neuroimaging and Genetic Associations of Attentional and Hypnotic Processes’, in which they describe how ‘Brain imaging has forged an impressive link between psychology and neuroscience’. During their research they used the Stroop test (Stroop, 1935). The classic Stroop test requires experienced readers to identify the colour of the ink of the word that is displayed. There are three elements in the test: the name of a colour that is the same as the colour of the ink, e.g. GREEN written in green ink;the name of a colour that is different from the colour of the ink, e.g. GREEN written in purple ink;A control word, that is not a colour, e.g. TABLE written in blue ink.
The relationship between executive functions and chronotype in healthy siblings of children with autism spectrum disorder
Published in Chronobiology International, 2023
Murat Yaşar, Fatih Hilmi Çetin, Serhat Türkoğlu, Halit Necmi Uçar
The Stroop test is used to assess cognitive functions such as response inhibition, attention, cognitive flexibility, and working memory (Scarpina and Tagini 2017). The Stroop test consists of five sections using four white cards. There are six lines of four items on each card. In the Stroop test form, there are color names (red, blue, yellow and green) printed in black on a white background on the first card, and color names printed in red, blue, yellow and green on the second card. On the third card are circles printed in red, blue, yellow and green. The fourth card has neutral words printed in red, blue, yellow and green. The second card is used twice, in the second part to read the words and in the fifth part, to say the colors of the words. In the Stroop test form, the time points are calculated for each section from the “start” command to the completion of the last item of the card, and the number of errors and corrections within this period for each section is obtained (Kılıç et al. 2002).
Effects of mento-physical exercises on mental fatigue of shift work
Published in International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics, 2022
Vahideh Mohammadi Nezhad, Hamideh Razavi, Mahdi Mohammadi Nezhad
In the general form of the Stroop test, participants see the printed name of a color and four buttons displayed in yellow, red, blue and green on a computer screen. In congruent items, the name of the color is printed in the matching color (e.g., the word yellow is printed in yellow color). In incongruent items, the name of the color is printed in a different color (e.g., the word yellow is printed in red). The task consists of pressing the button with the color matching the printed name of the color as fast and accurately as possible, ignoring the color name [40]. The mean reaction time is the average time between the appearance of the color name and pressing the correct button for congruent and incongruent items. The interference effect was calculated as the absolute difference between the mean reaction time of congruent and incongruent items [41]. In the present study, the stimulus presentation time was set to 3450 ms, and the presentation interval between the two stimuli was set to 450 ms. Before the test, participants completed a few trials.
Psychological pain and depression: it’s hard to speak when it hurts
Published in International Journal of Psychiatry in Clinical Practice, 2021
Stéphane Richard-Devantoy, Josie-Anne Bertrand, Séverine Béziat, Isabelle Jaussent, Aurélie Cazals, Déborah Ducasse, Kyle T. Greenway, Sébastien Guillaume, Philippe Courtet, Emilie Olié
There is a well-established link between depression and cognitive impairment, namely attentional and executive difficulties (Snyder 2013; Rock et al. 2014; Zaninotto et al. 2016; Ahern and Semkovska 2017; Bosaipo et al. 2017; Prado et al. 2018). Deficits in executive processes have already been reported in depression (Holroyd and Duryee 1997; Brodaty et al. 2001; Butters et al. 2004; Elderkin-Thompson et al. 2006; Sheline et al. 2006; Delaloye et al. 2010), irrespective of the age of first-onset (Holroyd and Duryee 1997; Brodaty et al. 2001; Butters et al. 2004; Elderkin-Thompson et al. 2006; Sheline et al. 2006; Delaloye et al. 2010). However, several studies have also reported differences in executive functioning according to the age of first-onset depression. A recent meta-analysis revealed large and robust depression-related differences in Stroop test performance, such that greater levels of depression severity were associated with greater inhibition difficulties (Epp et al. 2012). Indeed, MDD is associated with lower level of executive functioning in both younger and older adults (Lugtenburg et al. 2017).