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Psychological Medicine
Published in John S. Axford, Chris A. O'Callaghan, Medicine for Finals and Beyond, 2023
Harrison Howarth, Jim Bolton, Gary Bell
Schizoaffective disorder is a term usually reserved to describe the illness of a small group of patients in whom the clinical picture is equally dominated by symptoms of both schizophrenia and a mood disorder (mania or depressive disorder).
Psychotic Disorders and Co-occurring Substance Use Disorders
Published in Tricia L. Chandler, Fredrick Dombrowski, Tara G. Matthews, Co-occurring Mental Illness and Substance Use Disorders, 2022
Tricia L. Chandler, Fredrick Dombrowski
Those living with schizoaffective disorder may often be misdiagnosed with schizophrenia based on the report of delusions and hallucinations (Hartman et al., 2019). When an individual is brought to an emergency psychiatric assessment, it can be difficult for the counselor to fully assess affective aspects such as symptoms of depression or decreases in interpersonal functioning. Focusing only on psychotic symptoms without addressing emotional experiences and interpersonal experiences can impact treatment adherence and outcomes (Archibald et al., 2019). As many individuals living with psychotic disorders are also living with comorbid substance use disorders, it is also important for evaluating counselors to obtain urinalysis and collateral contact when available to assess how substance use is impacting current symptoms.
Electroconvulsive Therapy in Schizophrenia
Published in Ragy R. Girgis, Gary Brucato, Jeffrey A. Lieberman, Understanding and Caring for People with Schizophrenia, 2020
Ragy R. Girgis, Gary Brucato, Jeffrey A. Lieberman
At this point, Norman’s condition had developed into what is known as schizoaffective disorder. This condition is considered a primary psychotic disorder and is conceptualized as existing on a continuum between a major affective disorder, such as major depressive disorder or bipolar disorder, and schizophrenia. Like major affective disorders, people with schizoaffective disorder experience major episodes of depression or mania, or mixed states. Unlike people with major affective disorders, however, people with schizoaffective disorder exhibit at least two weeks of persistent psychotic symptoms, such as delusions or hallucinations, even when they do not have mood symptoms, which themselves must be present for the majority of the illness (1). (Of note, people whose symptoms meet criteria for schizophrenia may also experience major affective episodes, though they would not be present for a majority of the illness).
A blinded validation of the Swedish version of the Clinical Assessment Interview for Negative Symptoms (CAINS)
Published in Nordic Journal of Psychiatry, 2022
Johan Bengtsson, Robert Bodén, Daniel Neider, Martin Cernvall
There was however, a correlation between the CAINS-MAP and the total MADRS-S score, indicating an overlap between negative symptom ratings and depressive symptoms. This is the first time that the CAINS is compared to the MADRS-S and comparisons with other studies is therefore not possible. Most of the other validation studies have used the Calgary Depression Scale for Schizophrenia (CDSS) [44] for discriminant validity. The results have been mixed; some have found significant correlations [19,20], while others have not [15,21]. Our study would have merited from also including the CDSS, but MADRS-S is somewhat of a gold standard rating scale for depression in Sweden. It is also worth noting that a third of the participants in our study had a primary diagnosis of schizoaffective disorder.
The preclinical discovery and development of paliperidone for the treatment of schizophrenia
Published in Expert Opinion on Drug Discovery, 2020
Anna Wesołowska, Magdalena Jastrzębska-Więsek, Agnieszka Cios, Anna Partyka
The current armamentarium of therapeutic options for the treatment of schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorder is significant and quite diverse. Nevertheless, a relatively higher percentage of cases are still non-responsive to treatment. One of the reasons for this trend is poor adherence. It is not necessary to convince that uninterrupted and long-term therapy is essential for the control of symptoms and prevention of relapse in patients with schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorder. More than 35% of patients receiving antipsychotics orally experience compliance problems within the first few weeks of therapy, and only 25% are fully compliant after 2 years of therapy [92]. To meet the problems associated with hidden and overt nonadherence to antipsychotics, their LAI forms have been developed. LAIs combine the advantages of the second-generation antipsychotics with a long-acting formulation and are usually available in the form of esters. Some of the LAIs that are currently available include risperidone, olanzapine, aripiprazole, and paliperidone, that as paliperidone palmitate is available as long-acting 1-month and 3-month injections. Moreover, Janssen is currently conducting phase III trial for a 6-monthly formulation of paliperidone palmitate [93].
Deutetrabenazine for tardive dyskinesia and chorea associated with Huntington’s disease: a review of clinical trial data
Published in Expert Opinion on Pharmacotherapy, 2019
Daniel O. Claassen, Michael Philbin, Benjamin Carroll
The global prevalence of TD has been estimated to be 25.3% [15]. Despite the notion that atypical antipsychotics have a lower risk of causing TD than typical antipsychotics, the incidence rate of 10.6 cases per 100,000 US adults (in 2016) remains high [6,16]. This may be attributable to a dramatic increase in prescriptions of antipsychotics for an expanded range of indications, such as major depressive disorder, bipolar disorder, and schizoaffective disorder. Furthermore, antipsychotics are also increasingly prescribed for non-psychotic disorders, including obsessive-compulsive disorder, dementia, eating disorder, anxiety, insomnia, and substance abuse [17,18]. A recent study estimated that the annual prevalence of TD among patients receiving antipsychotics in the United States is approximately 0.8%–1.9% [19].