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Communication: a person-centred approach
Published in Nicola Neale, Joanne Sale, Developing Practical Nursing Skills, 2022
According to the American Psychological Association 2021 (APA-dictionary.apa.org/psychological-distress), psychological distress is ‘a set of painful mental and physical symptoms that are associated with normal fluctuations of mood in most people’. Recognising when someone is in distress is an important part of the nursing role and includes engaging in difficult conversation with compassion and sensitivity for those who are vulnerable emotionally (NMC 2018a, 2018b). Nursing staff are the only health staff who routinely provide the most intimate of care and are therefore provided with many opportunities to be a source of support and to recognise those in distress. Being ill, in hospital or requiring care at home is challenging for both the person and their relatives. The role of the nurse and nursing associate means we are in a privileged position to support the person or their family.
COVID-19 and Mental Illness
Published in Clare Gerada, Zaid Al-Najjar, Beneath the White Coat, 2020
The effects of the psychological distress can be long lasting.18 As with grief, the effects of traumatic stress response can be overwhelming, distressing and disruptive for the person experiencing it, but unlike grief it usually subsides quickly within days or weeks. Just a small percentage of traumatised individuals will be left with persistent symptoms and may need specialist psychological support to help them resolve this.
Psychological Distress in Nursing
Published in Meredith Mealer, Rowan Waldman, Coping with Caring, 2019
What is meant by psychological distress? There are several concepts in the literature related to the distress experienced by nurses. Compassion fatigue, moral distress, secondary traumatic stress, and vicarious traumatization will be discussed below as symptoms or syndromes and if left untreated can lead to the development of psychological disorders such as anxiety, depression, burnout syndrome, and/or posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD).
The Impact of a Short-Term Mental Health Intervention Delivered in an Australian Prison: A Multi-Cultural Comparison
Published in International Journal of Forensic Mental Health, 2023
James R. P. Ogloff, Arran Rose, Denny Meyer, Sarah Benson, Stephane M. Shepherd, Jeff Pfeifer, Stephanie Louise, Justin Trounson, Jason Skues, Michael Daffern
Rates of psychological distress and mental illness are significantly higher in prison populations compared to general populations (Butler et al., 2005, 2011; Fazel & Danesh, 2002; Fazel & Seewald, 2012; Fleming et al., 2012). Psychological distress refers to a state of emotional suffering and discomfort associated with stressors that are difficult to cope with in daily life (Arvidsdotter, Marklund, Kylén, Taft, & Ekman, 2016). Psychological distress may stem from external triggers such as stressful experiences, and mental illness (Arvidsdotter et al., 2016; Rose et al., 2020). Many people in Australian prisons experience high levels of psychological distress (Australian Institute of Health & Welfare, 2015, 2019), including CALD and Indigenous people (Rose et al., 2020). Rose et al. (2019) found that 63% of a multicultural prisoner sample experienced high or very high levels of psychological distress. Indigenous Australians detained in prison exhibited higher levels of psychological distress compared to those of CALD or Anglo-Australian background (Rose et al., 2019). Moreover, people in prison from all three of these cultural backgrounds experience elevated levels of depression, anxiety and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms (Australian Institute of Health & Welfare, 2019; Rose et al., 2019).
Changes in sleep behavior, sleep problems, and psychological distress/health-related quality of life of young Japanese individuals before and during the COVID-19 pandemic
Published in Chronobiology International, 2022
Kosuke Tanioka, Momoko Kayaba, Sayaka Tomishima, Yoko Komada, Yuichi Inoue
Psychological distress and HRQoL were evaluated using the Japanese version of the six-item Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (K6-J) (Furukawa et al. 2008) and the Japanese version of the Short Form-8 (SF-8) (Fukuhara 2004), respectively. The former scale assesses psychological distress symptoms during the past 30 days. The total cut-off score for identifying pathological distress on the scale was determined as a K6-J score ≥10 points (Furukawa et al. 2008). The latter eight-item scale measures the general aspects of HRQoL over the past 30 days. Regression coefficient weights are assigned to each item to produce a physical component score (PCS) and a mental component score (MCS). Responses were recorded using a five- or six-category scale. The HRQoL scores were standardized with a mean of 50 points (Tokuda et al. 2009); we defined low HRQoL as <50 points.
Big Five Personality Clusters in Relation to Nonsuicidal Self-Injury
Published in Archives of Suicide Research, 2021
Alice Goddard, Penelope Hasking, Laurence Claes, Peter McEvoy
Although personality traits are associated with NSSI (Baetens et al., 2011; Hasking et al., 2010; MacLaren & Best, 2010), to date there has been no effort to explore these relationships using a person-centred approach. Exploration of the personality prototypes associated with NSSI, and associated emotion processes, is clinically meaningful, as this may allow tailored, and more effective, interventions to be implemented.In this study, we investigated broad constellations (clusters) of Big Five personality traits among people who have engaged in NSSI and their relationship with functions of NSSI, emotion regulation strategies, and alexithymia. Specifically, we aimed to: (1) identify clusters of Big Five personality traits in a selected sample of individuals who have engaged in NSSI, (2) investigate whether clusters differ in: functions, age of onset, frequency, and severity of NSSI, and (3) explore whether clusters differ in (a) emotion regulation strategies, (b) avoidance, (c) alexithymia, and (d) symptoms of psychological distress.