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Vertigo
Published in Alexander R. Toftness, Incredible Consequences of Brain Injury, 2023
There are two main categories of vertigo: peripheral and central. Peripheral vertigo is a collection of vertigo types that are caused by problems in the inner ear, such as problems with the vestibular mechanisms that were mentioned above. The nerve that sends signals from your inner ear into your brain is called the vestibular nerve, and all kinds of peripheral vertigo warp the signals being sent through that nerve such that the signals end up being incorrect. Once the signals make it into your brain they don't make sense when compared to what your visual and proprioceptive systems are reporting, and this causes the sensation of spinning. Peripheral vertigo is usually temporary and may depend on the position that your body is in such as whether you are standing, lying down, or if your head is moving—if you have ever experienced temporary vertigo, it was probably caused by a peripheral change (Brandt et al., 2013). One potential cause of peripheral vertigo is that the otoconia crystals become misaligned in your semicircular canals and disrupt the movement of fluid. This results in a condition called benign paroxysmal positional vertigo, which usually shows up mysteriously but can sometimes be linked to anything from head trauma to viral infections, to the position that you sleep in at night, and many other factors (Yetiser, 2019). So yes, crystal misalignment can make you dizzy. That's just science.
Cranial Neuropathies I, V, and VII–XII
Published in Philip B. Gorelick, Fernando D. Testai, Graeme J. Hankey, Joanna M. Wardlaw, Hankey's Clinical Neurology, 2020
Other causes of peripheral vertigo: trauma, perilymphatic fistula, Meniere's disease, superior semicircular canal dehiscence, middle ear disease, syphilis, geniculate zoster, and viral and bacterial labyrinthitis.
Ear
Published in A Sahib El-Radhi, James Carroll, Paediatric Symptom Sorter, 2017
A Sahib El-Radhi, James Carroll
Vertigo is often divided into peripheral vertigo and central vertigo. A referral to an otologist (who will deal with the peripheral part) and neurologist (who will deal with the central part) is often necessary.
Is COVID-19 associated with self-reported audio-vestibular symptoms?
Published in International Journal of Audiology, 2022
Arwa AlJasser, Walid Alkeridy, Kevin J. Munro, Christopher J. Plack
However, the results of the present study should be interpreted with caution. The patients’ descriptions of their symptoms, by using more specific words than dizzy, such as vertigo, unsteadiness, light-headedness and generalised weakness, have been determined as critical in the establishment of the cause of dizziness (Chan 2009). In our study, we are confident that we have examined rotatory vertigo. However, it is difficult to differentiate between vestibular disorders and other types of dizziness or to distinguish between peripheral and central vertigo without careful history taking and performing vestibular and neurological tests to confirm the diagnosis (Chan 2009). The majority of those who reported vertigo in the COVID-19 groups also reported other dizziness symptoms including unsteadiness or light-headedness. It is somewhat difficult for people to differentiate accurately between symptoms associated with dizziness, vertigo and unsteadiness (Piker and Jacobson 2014). Therefore, it is possible that patients in our study might have been reporting other subjective dizziness symptoms as peripheral vertigo.
Recovery of ocular and cervical vestibular evoked myogenic potentials after treatment of inner ear diseases
Published in International Journal of Neuroscience, 2019
Juan Hu, Hua Wang, Zichen Chen, Yuzhong Zhang, Wei Wang, Maoli Duan, Min Xu, Qing Zhang
All patients were diagnosed with peripheral vertigo, showed no VEMP response on the affected side at the initial tests, but presented VEMP responses after treatment in follow-up visits. In addition, they met the following criteria: (1) Diagnosis based on clinical manifestation or guidelines. The diagnosis of VN was based on clinical history and symptoms of unilateral peripheral vestibulopathy, including spontaneous and prolonged vertigo, and the absence of other auditory and neurologic symptoms [14]. The diagnosis of RHS was based on clinical history, neurological examinations, and specific clinical symptoms including severe pain in and around the ear, vesicular eruption, and unilateral facial nerve paralysis [15]. The diagnoses of MD and SSHL were based on the clinical guidelines of the American Academy of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery [16,17]; and (2) no other medical history involving vertigo disease, ear disorders, or systemic diseases.
What diagnosis should we make for long-lasting vertiginous sensation after acute peripheral vertigo?
Published in Acta Oto-Laryngologica, 2020
Tomoyuki Shiozaki, Masaharu Sakagami, Taeko Ito, Ichiro Ota, Yoshiro Wada, Tadashi Kitahara
It is sometimes difficult for physicians with no specialization in otology/neurotology or even ENT doctors at outpatient clinic with no detailed examination facilities to make accurate diagnosis for persistent vertigo/dizziness after acute peripheral vertigo such as in VN and SDV. On the basis of the present results, we would like to propose to simplify the diagnostic processes as to there are mainly three possible diagnoses that can be considered in such cases: dVC, sBPPV, or sEH. All three diagnoses can be attributed to subsequent damages to the peripheral vestibular systems, especially with primary afferent neurons, otolith organs, and stria vascularis/endolymphatic sac, respectively.