China
Africa
Explore chapters and articles related to this topic
Anxiety and depression in patients with chronic respiratory disease
Published in Claudio F. Donner, Nicolino Ambrosino, Roger S. Goldstein, Pulmonary Rehabilitation, 2020
Anxiety and panic, as well as various phobias, may be distinct in displaying features of generalized anxiety disorder (GAD). Diagnosing GAD requires a thorough physical and clinical assessment of the patient. The clinical diagnosis of GAD involves excessive anxiety and worry (apprehensive expectation) about events or activities (affecting work or school performance), occurring on most days for at least 6 months. The anxiety and worry symptom(s) must be related with three or more of the following six symptoms: restlessness, being easily fatigued, difficulty on concentration, irritability, muscle tension and sleep disturbance, with at least some of the symptoms present for the past 6 months (11).
Diagnosis and Assessment
Published in Melisa Robichaud, Naomi Koerner, Michel J. Dugas, Cognitive Behavioral Treatment for Generalized Anxiety Disorder, 2019
Melisa Robichaud, Naomi Koerner, Michel J. Dugas
In order to be formally diagnosed with GAD, clients need to endorse at least three of the following six associated symptoms: restlessness or feeling keyed up or on edge, being easily fatigued, difficulty concentrating or mind going blank, irritability, muscle tension, and sleep disturbance. Identified symptoms must also be experienced chronically, for at least 6 months, in order to satisfy GAD diagnostic criteria. As noted earlier, other than the experience of muscle tension, all of the GAD-associated symptoms can be found among the criteria for other mental health disorders. This is particularly the case for depressive disorders, where a client with major depressive disorder or persistent depressive disorder (i.e., dysthymia) might endorse concentration difficulties, fatigue, and sleep disturbance. Because of this, it is a good idea for clinicians to question clients further about these symptoms to determine whether they are in fact GAD-related. For example, when querying about muscle tension, clients can be asked: “Do you find that most of the muscle tension is in your neck and shoulders?” Since chronic anxiety often leads to tension in that part of the body, individuals with GAD will usually endorse this symptom. In addition, specifying a particular location of tension gives clients the feeling that they are “in the right place.” That is, that they are speaking with someone who really understands their specific difficulties.
Anxiety disorders
Published in Michael I Levi, Basic Notes in Psychiatry, 2019
Relaxation training – see psychological management of GAD. NB: Relaxation training is useful in the management of PD, as long as it is combined with exposure tasks and the patient is taught how to apply it (applied relaxation).
“We’re kind of on the back burner”: Psychological distress and coping among medical social workers during the COVID-19 pandemic
Published in Social Work in Health Care, 2023
Terri D. Lewinson, Tiffany R. Washington, Sophia E. Allen, James M. Murphey, W. Moraa Onsando
Broadly described as a metric of mental health, psychological distress is difficult to measure as it encompasses clusters of related symptoms (Mirowsky & Ross, 2002). Somatic symptoms may be fatigue, muscle pain, headache, nausea, “tightness” in the chest, and shortness of breath (Escobar et al., 2010). Psychological distress may also manifest as emotional suffering and feelings of vulnerability, depression, anxiety, panic, isolation, fear, and grief (Ohayashi & Yamada, 2012). These symptoms may be short-term acute or continuous, chronic stress over time (Heath et al., 2020). Despite documented harmful effects of prolonged stress, many employers do not have resources in place to mitigate this exposure, and healthcare workers do not seek out mental health services (Mukhtar, 2020). These professionals may be at greater risk of developing psychiatric disorders, such as generalized anxiety disorder and depression, if left untreated.
Early outcomes, associated factors and predictive values of clinical outcomes of tandospirone in generalized anxiety disorder: a post-hoc analysis of a randomized, controlled, multicenter clinical trial
Published in Current Medical Research and Opinion, 2023
Yi Fu, Jian Lin Ji, Shen Xun Shi, Hai Yin Zhang, Guo Zhen Lin, Ying Li Zhang, Xiuli Li, Wen Yuan Wu
In clinical practice, the onset time of drugs and early improvement of symptoms are key issues focused on by clinicians and patients. As a chronic mental disorder, GAD has the characteristics of high prevalence and high recurrence. Reasonable and effective treatments for patients with GAD could help them get rid of anxiety-related distress as soon as possible and improve their quality of life. The rational use of anti-anxiety drugs can not only improve medication compliance in patients but also ameliorate long-term prognosis. However, most clinically used anxiolytic drugs show an onset time of 2–4 weeks, which increases not only the anxiety-related distress and economic burden of patients and their families but also the risk of disability or suicide in patients27. Therefore, studies have proposed28,29 that early onset may be a predictor of later efficacy, with patients with early onset showing more obvious symptoms and functional improvements later. However, patients with slow onset have poor prognoses and poor treatment compliance in the later stage, which are also predictors of disease recurrence.
Caregiver’s reports of their children’s psychological symptoms after the start of the COVID-19 pandemic and caregiver’s perceived stress in Turkey
Published in Nordic Journal of Psychiatry, 2022
Ahmet Büber, Merve Aktaş Terzioğlu
According to caregivers, this study provides information about the psychological symptoms of primary school children after the start of the COVID-19 outbreak. Caregivers reported that their children had newly developed symptoms, such as anhedonia, gets angry easily, fidgeting around, sleeping problems, impulsivity, appetite problems, restlessness or nervousness, and feeling sad after the start of the pandemic. The reason why the caregiver reported this way is not known precisely but could reflect their stress levels during the pandemic. Children who have health-worker parents working with COVID-19-related cases, who cannot see relatives, and whose caregivers with high PSS score could be at risk of developing depressive disorder-related symptoms, generalized anxiety disorder-related, and separation anxiety disorder-related symptoms. In conclusion, being aware of risky groups and interventions to develop protective psychological measures for children’s mental health might be beneficial.