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Psychoanalytic aspects of the fitness for duty psychological evaluation 1
Published in Jed A. Yalof, Anthony D. Bram, Psychoanalytic Assessment Applications for Different Settings, 2020
A subset of Delusional Disorders is known as misidentification syndromes. Examples include Capgras syndrome, the belief that a person has been replaced by a double, first described by Capgras and Rebul-Lachaux (1923, cited in Ellis, Whitely, & Luaute, 1994), and the Fregoli delusion, the belief that a known person is disguised as a different person (Courbon & Fail, 1927). Contemporary scientific psychopathology views misidentification syndromes as having a neuropsychiatric axis. Various medical conditions and neurological disorders have been linked to the development of misidentification syndromes. In some cases, abnormalities in the right cerebral hemisphere and the fusiform gyrus area (the seat of prosopagnosia, the inability to recognize faces) have been found (Ramachandrian, 1995; McKay & Dennet, 2009).
The Capgras Delusion
Published in Ragy R. Girgis, Gary Brucato, Jeffrey A. Lieberman, Understanding and Caring for People with Schizophrenia, 2020
Ragy R. Girgis, Gary Brucato, Jeffrey A. Lieberman
Judith was experiencing a Fregoli delusion. This is a rare and bizarre delusion in which a patient believes that a number of different people are actually just one person. It may occur along with a Capgras delusion, but may also occur on its own. It can be seen in individuals with schizophrenia, as well as in individuals with brain injury or other non-psychiatric conditions (e.g., medication-induced psychosis).
Descriptive and Psychodynamic Psychopathology EMIs
Published in Michael Reilly, Bangaru Raju, Extended Matching Items for the MRCPsych Part 1, 2018
Autoscopy.Capgras’ syndrome.Cotard’s syndrome.De Clérambault’s syndrome.Delusional jealously.Fregoli delusion.Illusion de sosies.Intermetamorphosis delusion.Reverse subjective double syndrome.Subjective doubles delusion.
Capgras and Fregoli syndromes: delusion and misidentification
Published in International Review of Psychiatry, 2020
Antonio Ventriglio, Dinesh Bhugra, Domenico De Berardis, Julio Torales, João Mauricio Castaldelli-Maia, Andrea Fiorillo
Fregoli Syndrome is an eponymous syndrome, also called delusion of doubles or Fregolism, proposed by Courbon and Fail in 1927 in their book entitled ‘Syndrome d’Illusion de Frégoli et Schizophrenie’. It is a rare mental condition in which the affected patient holds a delusion that different people are just a single individual in disguise. Most of the time these patients believe that the disguised impostor may be out to kill him/her. Fregoli delusion may involve also animals, inanimate objects or even places. In their cited book, Courbon and Fail reported the case of a woman, 27 years old, with a delusional belief that two famous theatre actresses started persecuting her and disguising themselves as people she had previously known. The syndrome was named after the Italian actor Leopold Fregoli, well known for his ability to change rapidly his own wardrobe appearances while on stage. In his honour, in 1995 Graeme Yorston authored Fregoli’s biography, published in the Psychiatric Bulletin, an inspiring character in psychopathology and psychiatry (Yorston, 1995).
‘I am dead’: Cotard syndrome and dementia
Published in International Journal of Psychiatry in Clinical Practice, 2019
Gabriele Cipriani, Angelo Nuti, Sabrina Danti, Lucia Picchi, Mario Di Fiorino
Cotard delusions were reported in patients across a relatively wide spectrum of organic brain diseases and functional psychiatric disorders (Berrios & Luque, 1995). The syndrome often occurs in association with psychotic states and other mental disorders. Predominantly described in the context of major depression with psychotic symptoms (Machado, Peregrino, Azoubel, Cerqueira, & de Lima Filho, 2013; Machado et al., 2016), the syndrome is associated with schizophrenia (Ghaffari-Nejad, Kerdegari, & Reihani-Kermani, 2007; Huber & Agorastos, 2012), bipolar disorder (Soultanian et al., 2005; Consoli et al., 2007), and depersonalisation disorder (Ramirez-Bermudez et al., 2010). It was observed in the course of migraine (Bhatia, Agrawal, & Malik, 1993), cluster headaches (Sahoo & Josephs, 2018), subdural heamorrhage (Perez, Fuchs, & Epstein, 2014), ischemic stroke (Sottile et al., 2015), cerebral arterio-venous malformation (Gardner-Thorpe & Pearn, 2004), multiple sclerosis (Gardner-Thorpe & Pearn, 2004), cerebral infarction, superior sagittal sinus thrombosis (Hu, Diesing, & Meissner, 2006), temporal lobe epilepsy (Drake, 1988), brain tumour ( Reich, Comet, Rhun, & Ramirez, 2012), arachnoid cyst (Grover, Aneja, Singh, & Singla, 2013) Parkinson’s disease (Factor & Molho, 2004), supranuclear palsy (Sahoo & Josephs, 2018), brain injury (Young, Robertson, Hellawell, De Pauw, & Pentland, 1992), delirium (Oberndorfer, Schönauer, Eichbauer, Klaushofer, & Friedrich, 2017), mental retardation (Kearns, 1987; Sottile, De Luca, Bonanno, Finzi, Casella, & Calabrò, 2018) herpetic or nonherpetic encephalitis (Debruyne et al., 2009), Laurence-Moon-Bardet-Biedl syndrome (Lerner, Bergman, Greenberg, & Bar-El, 1995), noninfectious complication of heart transplantation (Muñoz et al., 2010), typhoid fever (Campbell, Volow, & Cavenar, 1981), HIV infection (Freudenreich, Basgoz, Fernandez-Robles, Larvie, & Misdraji, 2012). It was described during the use of psychoactive substances (Nicolato et al., 2007), as an adverse drug reaction to aciclovir and its prodrug valaciclovir (Helldén, Odar-Cederlöf, Larsson, Fehrman-Ekholm, & Lindén, 2007; Kassam & Cunningham, 2018), and in the course of malignant neuroleptic syndrome (Weiss, Santander, & Torres, 2013), dehydration, steroid psychosis and amantadine psychosis (Sahoo & Josephs 2018). De Berardis et al. (2015) described a patient who never suffered from psychiatric disorder and developed a secondary CS after a surgical intervention (breast surgery for a benign fibroadenoma). A variety of other delusions may accompany the central delusion of being dead. In terms of association with other monothematic and/or bizarre delusions, case reports have also described the occurrence of CS with hydrophobia (Nejad, 2002), lycanthropy (Nejad & Toofani, 2005), folie a deux, Capgras delusion (Joseph, 1986), Capgras and Fregoli delusion (Yalin, Taş, & Güvenir, 2008), voluntary starvation (Silva, Leong, Weinstock, & Gonzales, 2000), and Koro-like syndrome (Alvarez et al., 2012) (the belief that one’s own genitalia are shrinking or disappearing).