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Cope
Published in Anka A. Vujanovic, Sudie E. Back, Posttraumatic Stress and Substance Use Disorders, 2019
Sudie E. Back, Therese Killeen, Kathleen T. Brady
The first case report of COPE involved the treatment of a 25-year-old, treatment-naïve Marine veteran who was deployed to Iraq three times and served as a gunner (Back et al., 2012). After returning to the United States, he was consuming large amounts of alcohol (average of 12.5 beers on 83% of days) and experiencing daily intrusive thoughts about a wounded comrade who died in his arms after being shot by an enemy sniper. The client presented with a baseline score of 71 on the DSM-IV Clinician Administered PTSD Scale (CAPS-IV), indicating severe PTSD symptomatology. He completed all 12 sessions of COPE. At baseline, he was unsure about abstinence, so a goal of daily reduction of alcohol use was agreed upon by the client and therapist. By Session 4, the client had surpassed his goal and was no longer drinking every day. Notable reductions in his alcohol use began at Sessions 3 and 4 (e.g., decreased from 12.5 to approximately 2–4 drinks per day), and his alcohol use continued to remain low during the course of therapy. Overall, the veteran significantly reduced his alcohol use to (almost) being abstinent, as well as no longer meeting criteria for PTSD.
Virtual Reality Exposure for Veterans with Posttraumatic Stress Disorder
Published in Jacqueline Garrick, Mary Beth Williams, Trauma Treatment Techniques, 2014
David J. Ready, Stacey Pollack, Barbara Olasov Rothbaum, Renato D. Alarcon
Screening battery and outcome measures included the Clinician Administered PTSD Scale (CAPS; Blake et al., 1990). This is a 30-item interview based on the diagnostic criteria for PTSD found in the DSM IV (APA, 1994). It assesses the frequency and intensity of specific PTSD symptoms and associated features. The CAPS has been found to have excellent psychometric properties (Weathers & Litz, 1996). There is also evidence that it is sensitive to symptom change as a result of treatment (van der Kolk et al., 1994).
Victims and survivors
Published in John C. Gunn, Pamela J. Taylor, Forensic Psychiatry, 2014
Pamela J Taylor, Sharif El-Leithy, John Gunn, Felicity Hawksley, Michael Howlett, Gillian Mezey, David Reiss, Jenny Shaw, Jonathan Shepherd, Nicola Swinson, Pamela J Taylor, Jayne Zito, Felicity de Zulueta
A number of scales and questionnaires have been developed to help the systematic investigation of PTSD, for example the Clinician Administered PTSD scale (CAPS; Blake et al., 1995). Given the likelihood of comorbidities, for research purposes, this might be best administered alongside a general psychiatric interview, such as the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV (SCID; First et al., 2000), if categorical diagnostic documentation is the goal, or the Comprehensive Psychopathological Rating Scale (CPRS; Åsberg et al., 1978) for measurement of change over time. Other scales more specific to traumatic reactions range from brief screening tools, such as the Trauma Screening Questionnaire (Brewin et al., 2002), to detailed dimensional measures, such as the Posttraumatic Diagnostic Scale (Foa et al., 1997).
Development of a pain neuroscience education program for post-traumatic stress disorder and pain
Published in Physiotherapy Theory and Practice, 2021
Timothy M. Benedict, Arthur J. Nitz, John P. Abt, Adriaan Louw
Based on initial feedback from the medical panel, professional images were added and, after making minor revisions, the booklets were printed. The final booklet was 39 pages and 8,381 words with a 5.9 Fleish-Kincaid reading level. The books were 8.5 × 11” with a font size of 12 and contained approximately 1.2 images per page to maximize readability. The printed booklets were presented to a panel of Veteran patients with PTSD and pain at a PTSD Clinic at Lexington Veterans Affairs Medical Center (Panel 2). Patients were diagnosed with PTSD with the Clinician Administered PTSD Scale (Blake et al., 1995). Participants were recruited from 4 separate group therapy sessions that met at a PTSD Clinic on a weekly basis. After obtaining informed consent, participants were given two weeks to read the booklet. Participants returned to the PTSD Clinic to complete feedback and comprehension questionnaires. Participants gave written and oral feedback based on their impression of the PNE booklet.
A proof-of-principle study of the short-term effects of 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) on tinnitus and neural connectivity
Published in International Journal of Neuroscience, 2020
G. D. Searchfield, T. N. E. R. Poppe, M. Durai, M. Jensen, M. A. Kennedy, S. Maggo, A. L. Miller, J. Park, B. R. Russell, G. S. Shekhawat, D. Spiegel, F. Sundram, K. Wise
MDMA has a half-life of 9h (±2.25h), with the effects felt from 45min following oral administration and lasting two to four hours [14]. MDMA induces positive feelings, euphoria, heightened sensations and enhanced empathy [15,16]. A growing number of studies use MDMA as a catalyst to improving outcomes of psychotherapy [17]. Oehen et al. [18] administered 125mg (and 62.5mg supplemental dose) vs. 25mg (and 12.5mg supplemental dose) of MDMA in their randomised, double-blind, active-placebo controlled trial of 12 patients with PTSD. A combination of psychotherapy and the higher dose led to significant improvement in the Posttraumatic Diagnostic Scale (PDS) but not in the Clinician-Administered PTSD Scale (CAPS). Neither dose induced serious adverse effects. No serious adverse effects have been reported in recent human studies [19–21].
A Comparison of Narrative Exposure Therapy and Non-Trauma-Focused Treatment in Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Published in Issues in Mental Health Nursing, 2020
The primary outcome considered was changes in PTSD symptoms as measured by a PTSD assessment tool with published good psychometric properties. The studies included used the following assessment tools: Clinician-Administered PTSD Scale (CAPS)Posttraumatic Stress Diagnostic Scale (PDS)Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI)Harvard Trauma QuestionnaireUCLA PTSD Index