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Psychological Intervention
Published in Sahar Swidan, Matthew Bennett, Advanced Therapeutics in Pain Medicine, 2020
Samantha Rafie, Sarah Rispinto, Sarah Martin
Pain catastrophizing is the way in which an individual generates negative, worst-case scenarios regarding their pain and disability.46 Sullivan defines catastrophizing as “an exaggerated negative mental set brought to bear during an actual or anticipated pain experience.”45 Pain catastrophizing is associated with poor pain-related outcomes and disability.47,48 The impact on pain catastrophizing and pain-related outcomes has been well-documented in the literature, suggesting that patients with high pain catastrophizing have poor responses to pain treatment,49,50 poor response following surgery,51 and are more likely to misuse opioids.52 In addition, pain catastrophizing is associated with heightened pain intensity, muscle tenderness,48 and increased affective distress, including anxiety and depression.49,53,54 Further, both child and parent catastrophizing is associated with poor child functioning and maladaptive pain behaviors.55,56
Maladaptive Coping in Functional Somatic Syndromes
Published in Peter Manu, The Psychopathology of Functional Somatic Syndromes, 2020
The regression analysis indicated that depression explained 30 percent and catastrophizing 27 percent of the variance in the severity of pain (p < 0.0001 for both values). In contrast, duration of illness accounted for only 1 percent of the observed variance. The relationship between depression and maladaptive coping characterized by catastrophizing was significantly greater in the fibromyalgia group. The authors suggested that catastrophizing might be related to the illness experience of patients with fibromyalgia. The need to be taken seriously renders “adamant vocalization the only option for effective communication” (Hassett et al., 2000, p. 2498). Alternatively, a coping style dominated by catastrophic interpretations of events could be produced by negative cognition associated with the depressive syndrome often present in these patients.
Assessment of Chronic Pain Patients
Published in Andrea Kohn Maikovich-Fong, Handbook of Psychosocial Interventions for Chronic Pain, 2019
A large body of evidence suggests that catastrophizing plays a significant role in the pain experience. Catastrophizing is a cognitive process in which a person assumes the worst possible outcome, perseverates on this, and interprets minor problems as major disasters (Turk et al., 2016). This pattern of thinking can lead to the development of more passive styles of coping, such as rumination and helplessness, and thereby exacerbate the pain. This pattern has been associated with greater emotional distress and disability. One imaging study of patients with fibromyalgia showed that catastrophizing (independent of depression) was associated with pain-related activation in the brain areas that reflect attentional, anticipatory, and emotional responses to pain (Gracely et al., 2004). Another study reported that catastrophizing, when compared with baseline physical measures, was more predictive of onset of back pain and disability (Jarvik et al., 2005). Catastrophizing also has been identified as a significant predictor of pain-related disability in chronic pain patients (Arnow et al., 2011).
Emotion dysregulation in migraine patients: can it be a hallmark the probability of the transformation from episodİc to chronic?
Published in Neurological Research, 2023
Hanife Kocakaya, Bahar Say, Serap Yörübulut, Ufuk Ergün
Catastrophizing is a strong indicator of psychological distress, pain intensity, and pain-related disability. In our study, migraine patients had significantly high helplessnes, magnification, and rumination scores in terms of pain catastrophizing when they were compared with the control, but these scores were similar within the migraine subtypes. In the literature, there are few studies on this subject in migraine cases, and in one study, maladaptive cognitions and psychiatric symptoms were evaluated in terms of migraine-related disability. In conclusion, catastrophizing pain and psychiatric symptoms were strongly associated with migraine-related disability but not with chronic migraine [14]. Our results were similar to the results of Seng et al. Discomfort tolerance is a term that refers to a person’s ability to tolerate uncomfortable bodily conditions [15]. In this study, scores of DIS were high in migraine patients, intolerance of discomfort scores was high episodic migraine and avoidance of discomfort score was high in also chronic migraines. Similarly, Wieser et al. reported that patients with episodic migraine use functional coping strategies while patients with chronic headaches use dysfunctional coping strategies (avoidance, thought suppression, etc.) [39].
Treating osteoarthritis pain: mechanisms of action of acetaminophen, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, opioids, and nerve growth factor antibodies
Published in Postgraduate Medicine, 2021
Yvonne D’Arcy, Patrick Mantyh, Tony Yaksh, Sean Donevan, Jerry Hall, Mojgan Sadrarhami, Lars Viktrup
Overall, persistent neuronal sensitization, and possibly peripheral sprouting, enhance pain responses in terms of intensity and duration, resulting in a chronically altered afferent pain signaling characterized by allodynia and/or hyperalgesia that may persist even when inflammation subsides to low-grade. Though a detailed discussion is beyond the scope of this review, it should be noted that chronic pain is often associated with changes in the sympathetic nervous system and sympathetic activity likely contributes to the overall chronic pain experience [38]. The overall chronic pain experience is also affected by, and can affect, a variety of factors including genetic predisposition, patient comorbidities, previous pain experience, mood, emotional distress, coping ability, and other psychosocial or sociocultural factors [39,40]. Thus, the chronic pain experience may differ between patients even when the etiology is similar. Catastrophizing, for example, can lead to psychosomatic or stress-related symptoms that may exacerbate perception of chronic pain [39,41]. Catastrophizing encompasses helplessness (i.e. nothing will change the pain), negative amplification of pain-related thoughts through rumination (i.e. repetitive thoughts about pain), and magnification (i.e. exaggerated concern about negative consequences of pain) [39]. Catastrophizing can also lead to secondary complications such as fear, irritability, anxiety, inability to cope, sleep impairment, depression, suicidal ideation, and overall diminished quality of life [42-44].
Pain, Pain Catastrophizing, and Individual Differences in Executive Function in Adolescence
Published in Children's Health Care, 2019
Tyler Bell, Jessica H. Mirman, Despina Stavrinos
Over the last two decades, one of the best predictors of pain difficulty and chronicity is pain catastrophizing. Catastrophizing is formally defined as a maladaptive coping strategy involving “an exaggerated negative mental set brought to bear during actual or anticipated painful experience” (Sullivan et al., 2001). This coping style involves rumination and magnification of pain along with feelings of helplessness, which have been shown to underlie pain intensity reported by various pain conditions. For example, in cross-sectional studies, higher catastrophizing predicts higher pain intensity in persons with acute (Suren et al., 2014) and chronic pain (Esteve, Ramirez-Maestre, & Lopez-Marinez, 2007). Prospectively, studies also show that a pattern of catastrophic thinking precedes the development of intense pain after painful events such as major surgery (Pavlin, Sullivan, Freund, & Roesen, 2005) and the commencement of chronic pain disorders from acute injury (Buer & Linton, 2002). Thus, catastrophizing appears as an important antecedent for pain difficulty and can be used to identify individuals at risk for pain development (Edwards, 2005).