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What Changes? What Does It Mean?
Published in John R. Cutcliffe, José Carlos Santos, Paul S. Links, Juveria Zaheer, Henry G. Harder, Frank Campbell, Rod McCormick, Kari Harder, Yvonne Bergmans, Rahel Eynan, Routledge International Handbook of Clinical Suicide Research, 2013
The Barratt Impulsiveness Scale (BIS), often used in the investigation of impulsive behaviour, is useful in identifying impulsivity and evaluating the influence of this dimension on client performance without the influence of confounding factors such as anxiety traits (Barratt, Stanford, Kent et al., 1997).. The 30-item BIS-11 describes common impulsive or non-impulsive (for reverse scored items) behaviours and preferences. Items are scored on a 4-point scale (1=rarely/never to 4 = almost always/always) without relation to any specific time period (a trait measure of impulsivity). Twelve items are reverse-scored, a design feature to avoid response sets. Higher summed scores for all items indicate higher levels of impulsivity. The BIS-11 consists of three sub-scales related to attentional impulsiveness (task-focus, intrusive thoughts, and racing thoughts), motor impulsivity (tendency to act on the spur of the moment and consistency of lifestyle), and non-planning impulsivity (careful thinking and planning and enjoyment of challenging mental tasks).
The Etiology of Addiction
Published in James MacKillop, George A. Kenna, Lorenzo Leggio, Lara A. Ray, Integrating Psychological and Pharmacological Treatments for Addictive Disorders, 2017
The notion of an “addictive personality” has also elicited considerable interest as a psychological determinant of addiction, but has also been controversial [75], and there is weak evidence for any singular pattern of personality characteristics that is commonly present in addiction [76]. On the other hand, there is evidence that some normative personality traits are consistently associated with addictive behavior, including positive links with neuroticism and negative links with conscientiousness and agreeableness [77–80]. However, the most robust link between characterological traits and addiction is present for associations with measures of impulsivity, broadly defined as capacity for self-control of arising impulses. Importantly, impulsivity is measured in a variety of different ways and it is increasingly understood to be a multidimensional psychological trait. Self-reported impulsive personality traits on questionnaires reveal a number of different facets. For example, the UPPS-P impulsive behavior scale comprises five subscales, including positive and negative urgency (i.e., proneness to act out during positive and negative mood states), premeditation (lack of) (i.e., level of deliberation or forethought), perseverance (lack of) (i.e., level of persistence or follow-through), and sensation seeking (i.e., preference for stimulating, exciting, or novel experiences). Of these, all of the traits have been linked to substance use, but positive and negative urgency are particularly related to clinical severity [81]. A second multidimensional measure of self-reported impulsive personality traits is the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale, which has also been robustly linked to addictive disorders and other externalizing behavior [82]. Beyond self-report, behavioral tasks can be used to measure orientation to immediate versus delayed reward (also referred to as delay discounting or delay of gratification), and capacity to inhibit prepotent motor responses (also referred to as response inhibition). In both cases, higher levels of impulsive responding have been linked to addictive disorders [83, 84]. However, it is notable that although the associations within the three domains of personality traits, delay discounting, and response inhibition are generally moderate to large, correlations across domains are generally small to negligible [85–87], suggesting they are distinct from one another.
Correlates of impulsivity among female sex workers in Mexico
Published in Health Care for Women International, 2023
Shirley J. Semple, Heather A. Pines, Eileen V. Pitpitan, Alicia Harvey-Vera, Gustavo Martinez, M. Gudelia Rangel, Steffanie A. Strathdee, Thomas L. Patterson
The Barratt Impulsiveness Scale is a self-reported measure of impulsivity (BIS-11; Patton et al., 1995). The original scale has 30 items that are purported to measure three dimensions of impulsiveness: 1) Attentional impulsiveness; 2) Motor impulsiveness; and 3) Non-planning impulsiveness. The researchers used two dimensions of the BIS-11, each consistent with factor structure specified by Reise et al. (2013). They include: non-planning (self-control subdomain; 6 items), which captures a person’s tendency to act without planning or regard for the future (Swann et al., 2005); and motor impulsiveness (motor subdomain, 7 items), which measures the tendency to act quickly or impetuously (Reise et al., 2013; Swann et al., 2005). Items are measured on a 4-point Likert type scale (1=rarely/never; 2=occasionally; 3=often; 4=almost always/always). Sample items for the motor dimension include: “I do things without thinking”; and “I act on the spur of the moment”. Sample items for the non-planning dimension include: “I say things without thinking”; and “I plan tasks carefully” (reverse coded). A total score was computed by summing item responses. Cronbach’s alpha for the 13-item scale in the present sample was 0.87. The BIS-11 has been used with a variety of at-risk populations, including bipolar disorder patients (Swann et al., 2001) and substance abuse patients (Moeller et al., 2002).
Allelic variation in dopamine D2 receptor gene is associated with attentional impulsiveness on the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale (BIS-11)
Published in The World Journal of Biological Psychiatry, 2018
Jasmine B. Taylor, Tarrant D. R. Cummins, Allison M. Fox, Beth P. Johnson, Janette H. Tong, Troy A. W. Visser, Ziarih Hawi, Mark A. Bellgrove
Six hundred and seventy-seven right-handed young adult participants of Caucasian descent were recruited from the University of Queensland (UQ), Monash University, and the wider communities of Brisbane and Melbourne, Australia. All reported no history of neurological or psychiatric illness, as well as no regular use of illicit recreational drugs, using a study-specific questionnaire. All provided informed consent according to the ethical approvals of UQ and Monash University. Participants completed the 30-item Barratt Impulsiveness Scale (Version 11; BIS-11). One participant was excluded from analyses because they gave inconsistent responses. Saliva was collected from each participant with Oragene kits (DNAgenotek, Ottowa). The final sample included 676 individuals (314 males and 361 females; mean age =21.34 years, SD =4.16).
The relationship of chronotypes with food addiction, impulsivity, and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder symptoms in a sample of undergraduate university students
Published in Chronobiology International, 2022
Baris Yilbas, Halil Ibrahim Ozturk, Pınar Gunel Karadeniz
Barratt Impulsiveness Scale-11 Short Form (BIS-11 SF): The original Barratt Impulsiveness Scale was developed by Barratt in 1995 and the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale-Short Form was generated by Spinella (Spinella 2007). The scale consists of 15 items and each item is assigned a score ranging from 1 to 4 points. The BIS-11-SF contains three subscales: non-planning impulsivity, motor impulsivity and attentional impulsivity. A Turkish adaptation of the scale was created in 2013, with internal consistency reliability coefficients (Cronbach’s alpha) of .82 for the overall scale, .80 for non-planning impulsivity, .70 for motor impulsivity and .64 for attentional impulsivity (Tamam et al. 2013). The Cronbach’s alpha coefficient of present study was 0.89 for 15 items.