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Vascular Graft and Endograft Infection
Published in James Michael Forsyth, How to Be a Safe Consultant Vascular Surgeon from Day One, 2023
For patients with a peripheral vascular graft/endograft infection and a large tissue defect, negative pressure wound therapy should be considered in order to promote wound healing following infected graft removal and debridement with or without vascular reconstruction.
Advances in Nanonutraceuticals: Indian Scenario
Published in Harishkumar Madhyastha, Durgesh Nandini Chauhan, Nanopharmaceuticals in Regenerative Medicine, 2022
Amthul Azeez, Mubeen Sultana, Lucky, Noorjahan
Sofaniim incanum - Bitter apple and thorn apple have wound healing properties. In a burn wound, the damage occurring to the epidermis is restored by the process of reepithelization in which keratinocytes move from the lower layer of the skin and form mature cells that cover the wound bed. The signs of proper wound healing are healthy granulation tissue, sebaceous glands and new blood vessels. Sofaniim incanum promotes movement and differentiation of keratinocytes, new connective tissue and blood vessel formation which are the important features of healthy granulated tissues proving the best healing property. It also contains tannins and flavonoids which are responsible for wound healing activity and stimulates wound healing at cellular and tissue level.
Selected topics
Published in Henry J. Woodford, Essential Geriatrics, 2022
Surgical intervention is usually only recommended for grade 3 or 4 ulcers in patients suitable to undergo an operation. Debridement is believed to improve wound healing by removing the necrotic tissue that has harmful effects on the wound. It has the added benefits of potentially unmasking underlying abscesses and allowing samples to be taken for culture, for example bone to diagnose osteomyelitis. Skin repair techniques include direct closure, skin grafts and the use of skin flaps.87 They are associated with high recurrence and adverse event rates in older, immobile people. Appropriate patient selection is important.
Novel linezolid loaded bio-composite films as dressings for effective wound healing: experimental design, development, optimization, and antimicrobial activity
Published in Drug Delivery, 2022
Dina Saeed Ghataty, Reham Ibrahim Amer, Reham Wasfi, Rehab Nabil Shamma
Nowadays, a wide range of dressing materials including films, hydrogels, hydrocolloids, or foams are applied for diverse types of wounds and target various phases of the wound healing process. Dressing materials such as films are used to treat wounds and deliver therapeutic agents including, antibiotics and anti-inflammatory agents to the wound interface, to manage infection and pain (Colobatiu et al., 2019). Generally, films are biocompatible, biodegradable, and can be easily removed without trauma. They can be applied around different body parts exhibiting different shapes and contours, specifically around joints including knees, elbows, and hips owing to their mechanical properties. When applied over the wound, films promote wound healing by preventing the collection of exudates in the wound bed and maintaining a moist environment at the wound site to enhance tissue regeneration with minimum scar formation (Hafezi et al., 2019).
Complications in lymph node excision in the head and neck area
Published in Acta Oto-Laryngologica, 2022
Minna Rehell, Timo Atula, Laura K. Tapiovaara, Leif J. J. Bäck, Anni I. M. Koskinen, Johanna Ruohoalho, Katri L. S. Aro
All complications were retrospectively evaluated using the CD classification. The complication rate was 5.9% with 19 surgical complications in 19 patients. Of these, two (0.6%) occurred perioperatively and 17 (5.3%) postoperatively. Medical complications, such as pneumonia or thromboembolic complications, were not recorded. Most (n = 16; 84.2%) of the complications were minor (CD I-II). Two nerve complications occurred. One accessory nerve palsy appeared immediately after the procedure and required physiotherapeutic rehabilitation without any greater deficiency later (CD II). Another patient had a palsy of the marginal branch of the facial nerve, which was recorded one week postoperatively on a follow-up call, and that resolved on its own within weeks (CD I). The rest 14 other minor complications were mainly associated with wound healing: local swelling (n = 5), local infection (n = 4), local bleeding (n = 2), stitch protrusion (n = 2), and pain (n = 1). All three (15.8%) major complications were due to local bleeding and required intervention. One of them was treated under general anesthesia one day after the initial surgery (CD IIIb), and the other two were treated by puncturing the wound-related hematoma (CD IIIa). Table 3 shows complication-related factors. In this cohort, no clear correlations were found. Patient’s smoking or comorbidities had no impact on the risk of complications. The experience of the surgeon showed no statistical difference for complications, although experience shortened the duration of the operation.
Granzyme B as a therapeutic target: an update in 2022
Published in Expert Opinion on Therapeutic Targets, 2022
Alexandre Aubert, Michael Lane, Karen Jung, David J. Granville
Wound healing is a multifactorial, physiological process that occurs in the human body through four overlapping sequential phases: hemostasis, inflammation, proliferation, and remodeling. To achieve optimal recovery of tissue function, integrity, and elasticity, these four phases need to be temporally and spatially regulated in order to resolve the wound in a timely manner. Numerous factors such as smoking, diet, obesity, and aging can impact wound healing, resulting in altered tissue function, scarring, fibrosis, or delayed healing [1]. Among the myriad of factors involved, careful consideration has been given to proteases as central mediators of extracellular matrix (ECM) degradation and remodeling in wound healing. While many research groups have previously focused on the matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) superfamily in the context of skin wound healing [2], a role for serine proteases such as granzyme B (GzmB) has recently garnered the attention of the scientific community [3].