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Foeniculum Vulgare Mill: Flavoring, Pharmacological, Phytochemical, and Folklore Aspects
Published in Amit Baran Sharangi, K. V. Peter, Medicinal Plants, 2023
Navneet Kishore, Akhilesh Kumar Verma
These pharmacological potentials are accredited to the presence of diverse class of active metabolites. The bioactive compounds belong to a class of coumarins, fatty acids, flavonoids, flavonoids glycosides, phenolic acids, sterols, saponins, cinnamic acid derivatives, monoterpenoids, sesquiter-penes, triterpenoids, cardiac glycosides, tannins, and some other phenylpro-panoids are residing in fennel herb. There are some bioactive metabolites are mentioned in figure. The chemical composition of fennel revealed that it contains approximately 20% of fatty acid and petroselinic acid is considered as representative of fennel oil fatty acid. The fatty acid composition of acetone extract from fennel displayed that it contains linoleic acid (54.9%), oleic acid (5.4%) and palmitic acid (5.4%) as major components (Figure 4.1) (Cosge et al., 2008).
Apiaceae Plants Growing in the East
Published in Mahendra Rai, Shandesh Bhattarai, Chistiane M. Feitosa, Ethnopharmacology of Wild Plants, 2021
Sherweit El-Ahmady, Nehal Ibrahim, Nermeen Farag, Sara Gabr
Regarding the monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA) proportion, it was shown to be predominant for Tunisian aniseeds and Egyptian aniseeds at 67.65% and 56.87%, respectively, where petroselinic acid was the most prevalent in seed oil at 46.60% and 38.40% for the Tunisian and Egyptian variety, respectively. Aniseed oil was also characterized by an important level of linoleic acid. Moreover, the amount of saturated fatty acids (SFA) in these oils was considerably low represented mainly by palmitic acid. It is worth noting that petroselinic acid is the major fatty acid component in Apiaceae seed oil rather than oleic acid.
Antiproliferative and cytotoxic activities of furocoumarins of Ducrosia anethifolia
Published in Pharmaceutical Biology, 2018
Javad Mottaghipisheh, Márta Nové, Gabriella Spengler, Norbert Kúsz, Judit Hohmann, Dezső Csupor
Furocoumarins and terpenoids are characteristic components of the Ducrosia genus. From the seeds of D. anethifolia, two new terpenoids, the monoterpene ducrosin A and the sesquiterpene ducrosin B were isolated along with stigmasterol and the furocoumarins heraclenin and heraclenol (Queslati et al. 2017). Psoralen, 5-methoxypsoralen, 8-methoxypsoralen, imperatorin, isooxypeucedanin, pabulenol, pangelin, oxypeucedanin methanolate, oxypeucedanin hydrate, 3-O-glucopyranosyl-β-sitosterol and 8-O-debenzoylpaeoniflorin were also isolated from the extract of D. anethifolia (Stavri et al. 2003; Shalaby et al. 2014). GC analysis of the fatty acids showed high percentages of elaidic acid and oleic acid (Queslati et al. 2017), beside 58.8% petroselinic acid in the seed oil of D. anethifolia (Khalid et al. 2009). Apart from D. anethifolia, furocoumarins (psoralen, isopsoralen) have been reported only from D. ismaelis from this genus (Morgan et al. 2015).
2-Hydroxy-4-methoxybenzaldehyde from Hemidesmus indicus is antagonistic to Staphylococcus epidermidis biofilm formation
Published in Biofouling, 2020
Arunachalam Kannappan, Ravindran Durgadevi, Ramanathan Srinivasan, Ricardo José Lucas Lagoa, Issac Abraham Sybiya Vasantha Packiavathy, Shunmugiah Karutha Pandian, Arumugam Veera Ravi
EPS maintains the structural integrity and complexity of a biofilm, playing a critical role in biofilm formation and behavior. EPS is composed of proteins, polysaccharides, nucleic acids and lipids. The level of EPS production by a particular pathogen determines its biofilm forming ability (Brown et al. 2019). Therefore, inhibiting EPS production will lead to inhibition of biofilm formation and thereby render bacterial cells more susceptible to antimicrobials and the host immune system. The results of spectrophotometric and FT-IR analysis of EPS, as well as Con A staining, substantiated the reduction in EPS synthesis upon treatment with HMB. In line with these results, plant derivatives have been consistently reported to inhibit EPS production by other nosocomial pathogens, eg petroselinic acid against S. marcescens (Ramanathan et al. 2018b) and α-mangostin against Acinetobacter baumannii (Sivaranjani et al. 2018). Other authors have investigated the biofilm forming ability of Staphylococcus species using the CRA method (Vasudevan et al. 2003; Sethupathy et al. 2017). In HMB-free CRA plates, growth of SE appeared as black colonies. Indeed, the level of black coloration was reduced to a Bordeaux red color in the slime-producing SE colonies grown in plates supplemented with HMB at MBIC. Previously, sub-MIC of vancomycin was reported to act as a stress factor that initiates cell wall thickening and induces the expression of biofilm-related genes in SE, which ultimately leads to the change in the colony color in CRA plates (Cargill and Upton 2009; Kaiser et al. 2013). In contrast, the present results from the CRA plate assay confirmed that HMB treatment reduced slime production by SE. These results suggest that HMB has the potential to prevent SE biofilm development and may enable the use of HMB to manage SE biofilm-related infections.