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Spinal Cord Disease
Published in Philip B. Gorelick, Fernando D. Testai, Graeme J. Hankey, Joanna M. Wardlaw, Hankey's Clinical Neurology, 2020
Treatment of HIV does not impact on the clinical syndrome associated with vacuolar myelopathy. L-methionine supplementation was found effective in a small, open trial, but a follow-up randomized, blinded study failed to find benefit.
Adenosine kinase deficiency
Published in William L. Nyhan, Georg F. Hoffmann, Aida I. Al-Aqeel, Bruce A. Barshop, Atlas of Inherited Metabolic Diseases, 2020
No established treatment is known. A methionine restricted diet has been recommended [2] and has been applied in the siblings published by Labrune in 1990 [3]. Taken together, ten patients were prescribed a methionine restriction of 15–40 mg/kg body weight/day. Methionine levels decreased, as did those of plasma AdoMet and AdoHcy. Seven patients were considered to have improved clinically, especially in their hepatic features. In one, hepatic dysfunction returned when the diet was stopped even at the age of 20 years and reversed on resumption. One patient showed improvement of his neurologic phenotype with amelioration of cognitive and motor deficits (Figure 69.5). Diazoxide may be used to treat hyperinsulinism [2].
Toward Clinical Pharmacologic Otoprotection
Published in Stavros Hatzopoulos, Andrea Ciorba, Mark Krumm, Advances in Audiology and Hearing Science, 2020
Colleen G. Le Prell, Kelly Roth, Kathleen C. M. Campbell
Methionine is an important amino acid typically obtained from protein sources such as meats, dairy products, and beans, nuts and seeds. Methionine promotes the re-synthesis of glutathione (GSH) in response to GSH depletion (Morris et al., 2014) and serves as an antioxidant (Kim et al., 2014; Morris et al., 2014). Like most nutritionally important amino acids, D-methionine (D-Met), and L-methionine (L-Met) are mirror images, termed enantiomers, and they differ based on the presence of one asymmetric carbon atom (Friedman, 1999). Like other protein-associated D-amino acids, the D-Met enantiomer is more poorly absorbed than the L-isomer (Friedman and Levin, 2012; Zhang et al., 2015). D-isomers may, therefore, be better candidates for delivery in fortified foods (Friedman and Levin, 2012).
Interference of altered plasma trace elements profile with hyperhomocysteinemia and oxidative stress damage to insulin secretion dysfunction in Psammomys obesus: focus on the selenium
Published in Archives of Physiology and Biochemistry, 2023
Asma Bouazza, Eric Fontaine, Xavier Leverve, Elhadj-Ahmed Koceir
The first point is linked to the plasma hCys homocysteine accretion can either due to its excessive production or is poorly degraded. The link between hCys and diet becomes important to elucidate, essentially the presence of methionine in diet. The laboratory chow diet (LCD) contains 25% of proteins compared to 3.53% in the natural diet (ND) represented by halophilic plants (Marquie et al. 1984). These Chenopodiaceae contain little methionine (Frenkel et al.1972); compared to the LCD, which is very high (0.010 versus 0.50%, respectively). In LCD, methionine is found in wheat, oat flour, meat, fish, and milk powder proteins. This difference between methionine amounts in ND compared to LCD explains the HhCys in experimental groups II, III, and IV (under LCD) versus control group I (under ND). Thus, in P. obesus model, the LCD (high caloric diet) leads to the abnormal elevated hCys production which becomes toxic for β-cells (Scullion et al. 2016).
Tadalafil ameliorates memory deficits, oxidative stress, endothelial dysfunction and neuropathological changes in rat model of hyperhomocysteinemia induced vascular dementia
Published in International Journal of Neuroscience, 2022
Administration of l-Methionine produced a significant increase in serum homocysteine levels and a decrease in body weight when compared to naïve rats. Tadalafil low dose (5 mg/kg/day, p.o.), Tadalafil high dose (10 mg/kg/day, p.o.) and Donepezil (0.5 mg/kg/day, i.p.) did not show any significant effect on l-Methionine-induced increase in serum homocysteine levels (Table 1). However, drug treatment (Tadalafil 5 mg/kg/day; 10 mg/kg/day, p.o.) and Donepezil (0.5 mg/kg/day, i.p.) tried to restore l-Methionine induced decrease in body weight in a significant manner as compared to l-Methionine group rats. Furthermore, vehicle (sodium carboxymethyl cellulose) group and the drug (Tadalafil; Donepezil) per se group did not show any significant effect on serum homocysteine levels and body weigh in comparison to the naive group animals (Table 1).
The intestinal microbiota and metabolites in patients with anorexia nervosa
Published in Gut Microbes, 2021
Petra Prochazkova, Radka Roubalova, Jiri Dvorak, Jakub Kreisinger, Martin Hill, Helena Tlaskalova-Hogenova, Petra Tomasova, Helena Pelantova, Martina Cermakova, Marek Kuzma, Josef Bulant, Martin Bilej, Kvido Smitka, Alena Lambertova, Petra Holanova, Hana Papezova
Variations in predicted metabolic pathways associated with AN were not described in any other microbiome study. In AN1 samples, we identified an underrepresented S-adenosyl-L-methionine cycle I pathway (Figure 7). In cells, about 80% of the L-methionine pool is converted to S-adenosyl-L-methionine (SAM), which is the major methyl donor. After the methyl group donation, SAM is converted to S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine, which can be recycled back to SAM via this cycle. Deficiency in SAM production and subsequent DNA methylation, an important epigenetic mechanism, is connected with severe neuro-psychiatric diseases.29 Besides, SAM is required for some neurotransmitter synthesis, such as serotonin, dopamine, and norepinephrine.29 Interestingly, the use of SAM as a dietary treatment leading to modulation of patient methionine metabolism via altered nutrient availability showed promising results in depression disorder treatment.30