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Plant-Based Phytochemicals in the Prevention of Colorectal Cancer
Published in Megh R. Goyal, Preeti Birwal, Durgesh Nandini Chauhan, Herbs, Spices, and Medicinal Plants for Human Gastrointestinal Disorders, 2023
Gallic acid is commonly found in white tea, gallnuts, sumac, tealeaves, oak bark, and witch hazel as well as other foods and plants. It is known to have antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer properties, and protective properties for healthy cells. In a research study, the polyethylene-coated, iron magnetite nanoparticles loaded with gallic acid were designed with a specific anticancer nanocomposite formulation to determine the effects on lung and colon cancers. The results did show a decrease in colon cancer HT-29 viability with increasing dose of this combination.
Pharmacological Properties of Mulberry (Morus Alba)
Published in Megh R. Goyal, Durgesh Nandini Chauhan, Assessment of Medicinal Plants for Human Health, 2020
The anticancer potential of morusin and other related flavonoids with prenylated substitutions were assessed with MMT (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl-tetrazolium) assay. The significant inhibition was observed by the morusin with an IC50 (50% inhibitory concentration) value of 0.64 μM in contrast to HeLa cancer cell lines. It was also effective against colorectal cancer cells HT-29 with an IC50 value of 29 μM by the inhibition of NF-kB signaling in humans. Therefore, the anticancer potential of morusin on HeLa cell lines exhibited comparable mechanistic way, which could be established through further investigation on HeLa cells.
Antigenic and Cytoarchitectural “Markers” of Differentiation Pathways in Normal and Malignant Colonic Epithelial Cells
Published in Leonard H. Augenlicht, Cell and Molecular Biology of Colon Cancer, 2019
The induction of specific, more mature, “lineage-consistent”, epitheloid phenotypes in certain established lines of human colon carcinoma cells (e.g., HT-29) appears to mimic to varying degrees, depending upon the particular combination of cell line and induction conditions employed, events associated with the terminal differentiation of normal colonocytes in situ.17-22,86Ras family protooncogenes and certain cytoskeletal protein genes (e.g., the epithelial-specific cytokeratins) are expressed at relatively high levels (or, in the case of villin, extensively reorganized) in the most differentiated (i.e., absorptive columnar and mucin-secreting goblet cells of the upper crypt and luminal surface regions) epithelial elements of the colonic mucosa.4,180-182 It is obvious that the expression of other differentiation antigens, particularly those of the oncofetal84-86,91,92 and nonkeratin cytoarchitectural128-131 types which localize to defined subcellular structural systems (e.g., the submembraneous cortical skeleton and brush border-terminal web regions) need to be examined in such cell systems to appropriately interpret the actual differentiated “status” of the inducible phenotypes arising in sensitive colon tumor cell populations (in a manner perhaps analogous to that achieved in hepatic epithelial tumor cells12,13,183).
Immuno-modulatory effect of probiotic E. coli Nissle 1917 in polarized human colonic cells against Campylobacter jejuni infection
Published in Gut Microbes, 2021
Yosra A. Helmy, Issmat I. Kassem, Gireesh Rajashekara
The polarized human colorectal adenocarcinoma cells (HT-29; ATCC HTB-38) were cultured and maintained as described before.20 We have selected the HT-29 cells in particular as an infection model in vitro because it is polarized and a well-differentiated cell line. The polarized HT-29 cells are characterized by the presence of apical brush border proteins, presence of Cl-channels and Cl-secretion, mucus production, expression of disaccharides and peptidase enzymes, the formation of domes on impermeable substrates, display of trans-epithelial resistance typical of polarized epithelium and intracellular tight junction proteins which makes the cells closely mimicking the in vivo functional intestinal epithelium.21–25 The C. jejuni strains were isolated from different hosts; human (811–67, 81116 and NCTC11168), poultry (chicken 1, chicken 2, chicken 3, chicken 4, and chicken 5),67 turkey (LSE-30, LSW-66, and BOS-114),68 beef cattle (Cj-N-33, Cj-M-48, Cj-M-64),69 dairy cattle (G-D-20, G-D-5, and G-D-14),70 and starlings (I-Br-14, E-Br-12, and F-Br-1)70 (Table 1) and were used to test the adhesion, invasion and survival of C. jejuni in polarized HT-29 cells. C. jejuni strains were grown using Mueller-Hinton agar (MH; Difco) supplemented with a Campylobacter selective supplement (CSS; SR0117; Oxoid) at 42°C under microaerobic conditions (5% O2, 10% CO2, and 85% N2). EcN was grown aerobically to logarithmic phase using Luria-Bertani (LB; Difco) broth at 37°C.
Butyrate mediates anti-inflammatory effects of Faecalibacterium prausnitzii in intestinal epithelial cells through Dact3
Published in Gut Microbes, 2020
Marion Lenoir, Rebeca Martín, Edgar Torres-Maravilla, Sead Chadi, Pamela González-Dávila, Harry Sokol, Philippe Langella, Florian Chain, Luis G. Bermúdez-Humarán
HT-29 cells were cultured as described above. siGENOME® Human Dact3 siRNA-SMARTpool®, Dact3 siRNA D-015690-01, D-015690-02, D-015690-03, D-015690-17, and control siRNA (Non-Targeting siRNA D001136-01-05 and Cyclophilin B D-001210-02-05) siRNAs were transfected into HT-29 cells using Dharmafect 1 Transfection Reagent (Dharmacon, USA) following manufacturer’s instructions with some modifications. A total of 1 × 105 cells were plated in 12-well plates and transfected using 30 nmol siRNA and 2 µL of Dharmafect 1 Transfection Reagent per well in DMEM containing 5% FCS and 1% L-Glutamine. After 24 h, the medium was changed. After another 24 h, control medium, F. prausnitzii SN, or LYBHI medium was added at a concentration of 10% (v/v) in a total volume of 1 ml. Cells were simultaneously stimulated with recombinant human TNF-α (5 ng/ml; Peprotech, NJ, USA) at 37°C in 10% CO2. After 6 h of co-culture, supernatants were tested for IL-8 production by ELISA and RNA was isolated from cells for Dact3 expression analysis, as described above. All samples were generated and analyzed in triplicate.
Heat shock transcription factor 2 predicts mucosal healing and promotes mucosal repair of ulcerative colitis
Published in Scandinavian Journal of Gastroenterology, 2020
Yunling Wen, Junkun Niu, Fengrui Zhang, Jing Wu, Maojuan Li, Yang Sun, Wen Wang, Shuxian Xia, Ying Tan, Kunhua Wang, Yinglei Miao
HT-29 cells, a human colon adenocarcinoma cell line that displays enterocyte-like features in culture, were obtained from the Cell Bank of Type Culture Collection of Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences. The cells were cultured in high glucose Dulbecco’s modified Eagle’s medium (DMEM, HyClone, NY, USA) containing 10% (v/v) fetal bovine serum (FBS, Biological Industries, State Israel) at 37 °C in an atmosphere of 5% CO2. Cells between passages 5 and 25 were seeded at a density of 100,000 cells/ml in 12-well tissue culture plates (Corning, NY, USA) and used at 40%–50% or 70%–80% confluence for RNA interference or plasmid transfection, respectively. After overnight transfection, HT-29 cells were treated with 100 µg/ml LPS (Sigma Aldrich, MO, USA) or an equal volume of culture medium (as a normal control) for the indicated periods. Then, the culture supernatants and cells were harvested for ELISA and Western blotting, respectively.