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Synergy
Published in Nigel Starey, Health and Social Care in the Digital World, 2020
On the other hand, if you're sitting in a cold room and aren't dressed warmly, the temperature centre in the brain will need to trigger responses that help warm you up. The blood flow to your skin decreases, and you might start shivering so that your muscles generate more heat. You may also get goosebumps, that is when the hair on your body stands on end and traps a layer of air near your skin, and increases the release of hormones that act to increase heat production.
Hair Morphology, Biogenesis, Heterogeneity, Pathophysiology and Hair Follicle Penetration
Published in Heather A.E. Benson, Michael S. Roberts, Vânia Rodrigues Leite-Silva, Kenneth A. Walters, Cosmetic Formulation, 2019
Alexa Patzelt, Jürgen Lademann
Although not visible at first sight, the hair and the hair follicle provide multiple functions in humans. First, the hair is a sensory organ. The autonomous nervous system can induce the erection of the hair, which is controlled by the arrector pili muscle leading to so-called goosebumps which are mainly triggered by coldness, anxiety or emotions (Benedek and Kaernbach, 2011). Animals use this effect to appear larger and more threatening to their enemies; for men, this function seems to play a subordinate and sometimes even annoying role (Benedek and Kaernbach, 2011). Moreover, hairs provide several protective functions. Eyelashes and eyebrows, for example, can prevent sweat and foreign particles from reaching the eyes. Scalp hair offers efficient sun protection (Parisi et al., 2009) as can be seen in the high incidence of skin cancer on the scalp of bald men. Nowadays, scalp hair is a very important instrument of psychosocial communication. A loss of scalp hair frequently induces severe psychological strain (Katoulis et al., 2015).
Affective analysis
Published in Celia Lury, Rachel Fensham, Alexandra Heller-Nicholas, Sybille Lammes, Angela Last, Mike Michael, Emma Uprichard, Routledge Handbook of Interdisciplinary Research Methods, 2018
Here’s how affective analysis works on my Charlie’s Angels example. My affective response occurred at the autonomic level: arousal and goosebumps. I described what happened narratively in the scene, but what I perceived that gave rise to those responses were the loud crash as the young woman’s body smashes backward through the window, the whole window shattering into sparkling shards, and, later, her smooth naked body as she clings to the sheet hanging from the window ledge. These were the moments that displayed her greatest vulnerability. Comparing my affective response with what I perceived, I conclude that I was aroused by a spectacularly sadistic image of a woman in peril. This response dismays me, because it suggests that I share my society’s general misogyny at a fundamental level – one that, in a Spinozan sense, inhibits my capacity to live and increase my powers. Now I can analyse Charlie’s Angels as a movie that propounds a ‘positive’ image of women in its representations but draws its power from affects of gleeful misogyny. An irritatingly large number of movies work this way. Thus my affective analysis draws to a disappointing close.
Long-term neurogenic lower urinary tract dysfunction: A case of cardiovascular nightmares
Published in The Journal of Spinal Cord Medicine, 2021
Amanda H.X. Lee, Andrea L. Ramirez, Andrei V. Krassioukov, Matthias Walter
One month post-treatment, a follow-up UDI was conducted to evaluate treatment efficacy (Fig. 1C). Two and a half minutes after commencing bladder filling, the individual reported the onset of goosebumps (a typical symptom of AD). This corresponded to an SBP of 161 mmHg, which exceeded the AD threshold at an infused volume of 80 mL. Thus, UDI was stopped shortly after (cystometric capacity 100 mL; maximum detrusor pressure 22 cmH2O). After draining the bladder completely, the individual was transferred from a supine into an upright position. However, AD persisted with profound clinical symptoms (headache, sweating and goosebumps). With no other reason evident to explain the persistence of elevated SBP, the individual received nifedipine [5 mg sublingual] in accordance with the ‘Consortium for Spinal Cord Medicine’ clinical practice guidelines for acute management of AD.15 Over the next twenty minutes, SBP slowly decreased and returned below the threshold for AD, while his apparent clinical symptoms ceased as well. The individual was discharged shortly after free of complaints. During all three assessments, the individual was not suffering from a symptomatic urinary tract infection (UTI) or pressure sore, both of which may potentially trigger or exacerbate AD.
Impulsivity in Alcohol-Dependent Patients with and without ADHD: The Role of Atomoxetine
Published in Journal of Psychoactive Drugs, 2018
Maurizio Coppola, Raffaella Mondola
Ninety-two alcohol-dependent patients, 70 males and 22 females with a mean age of 47.7 years (SD = 11.2; range 21–71), were included in the study. GN1 included 82 patients, 65 males and 17 females with a mean age of 48.9 years (SD = 10.9; range 21–71), while GN2 included 10 patients, 5 males and 5 females with a mean age of 37.4 years (SD = 7.5; range 25–46). Patients with ADHD were treated with 40 mg per day of atomoxetine for one week, then 80 mg per day for the other 11 weeks. All patients completed the study and no significant side-effects were reported. In the first two weeks, four patients reported mild nausea and four patients reported experiencing goosebumps. Statistical analysis of sociodemographic characteristics (Table 1) showed no difference between groups in terms of educational levels and employment, while we observed significant differences in age (p = 0.0017), sex (p = 0.04), and marital status (p < 0.001). No difference between groups was found in the prevalence of mood and personality disorders (Table 1), while patients with ADHD showed more frequent binge drinking than patients without ADHD (p = 0.02). No difference between groups was found in AUDIT total score and CDT value (Table 1). A significant difference in BIS-11 total score was found between patients with and without ADHD (p < 0.001). Analyzing data for BIS-11 subscales, we found significant differences between groups in motor impulsivity (p = 0.030) and nonplanning impulsivity (p < 0.001), but we found no difference in attentional impulsivity (Table 1).
Exploring Perceptions of Group Processes in Ice Hockey Officiating
Published in Journal of Applied Sport Psychology, 2018
David J. Hancock, Luc J. Martin, M. Blair Evans, Kyle F. Paradis
Officials stated that these shared identities ultimately facilitated group pride: It's a pretty proud thing to go on the ice. Especially in the playoffs with a pretty packed arena knowing that you're the four that kind of control the atmosphere and the tone for the entire place. So it's a pretty proud feeling once you're out there, knowing that you've accomplished enough to get to this level. It's a select few that get to do what you do … you still get goose bumps when you get out on the ice. (L2)