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Alcohol and health
Published in Sally Robinson, Priorities for Health Promotion and Public Health, 2021
Alcohol is associated with increased sexual arousal but decreased sexual performance. With greater consumption, men and women are more likely to report having multiple sexual partnershave unprotected sex, especially menacquire more sexually transmitted infections(RCP, 2011; PHE, 2016a)
Hormones and libido
Published in Barry G. Wren, Progress in the Management of the Menopause, 2020
Libido — or sexual desire — is considered different from sexual arousal. Sexual desire is an attitude toward an object, while sexual arousal is a state with specific feelings, usually attached to the genitals. There can be sexual arousal without sexual desire, and sexual desire without arousal. Human sexual arousal can be characterized by three components: a central arousal, a non-genital peripheral arousal and a genital arousa12. Sexual desire and sexual arousal should therefore be kept distinguished.
Changing “Unchangeable” Bodily Processes by (Hypnotic) Suggestions: A New Look at Hypnosis, Cognitions, Imagining, and the Mind-Body Problem
Published in Anees A. Sheikh, Imagination and Healing, 2019
Before concluding this discussion on the self-regulation of blood flow and temperature, let us consider briefly how normal individuals control the flow of blood to one specific part of the body, namely, to the genital organs. From a physiological viewpoint, sexual arousal is basically a blood flow phenomenon. As a man becomes sexually aroused, more and more blood enters and remains in his penis. Similarly, as a woman becomes sexually aroused, more and more blood flows into the sexual organs and gives rise, for example, to enlargement of the breasts, erection of the nipples, erection of the clitoris, and engorgement of the labia.
Men’s Self-Reported and Psychophysiological Affective Responses to Sexual Violence and Their Associations with Rape Myths, Personality, and Sexual Traits: A Preliminary Study
Published in International Journal of Sexual Health, 2023
Joana Carvalho, Pedro J. Rosa, Erick Janssen
The current study has several limitations. First, although the sample size was based on a power analysis that indicated it to be sufficient to detect main effects, some associations and effects may have required a larger sample size to be detected. For that reason, we must consider the preliminary nature of the current study and be cautious regarding the overinterpretation of findings. Also, it is worth noting that the average levels of subjective sexual arousal were low. These findings do not completely align with previous studies showing that men may not inhibit sexual response to rape scenarios (e.g., Malamuth et al., 1986). One possible reason for the low levels of sexual arousal is that the stimuli were short (40 s) in duration. At the same time, the possibility should be considered that the low levels of self-reported sexual arousal we found may reflect a social desirability bias. Similarly, EMG records may benefit from longer baseline responses; accordingly, we encourage researchers to consider longer baselines in future studies. Finally, emotional responses to a rape scenario could be contrasted with mainstream, consensual erotica.
Up-regulating Sexual Arousal and Down-regulating Disgust while Watching Pornography: Effects on Sexual Arousal and Disgust
Published in The Journal of Sex Research, 2021
Aleksandra Pawłowska, Charmaine Borg, Peter J. de Jong
The results of the current study corroborate and extend previous findings, which showed that brief training in up-regulation of experienced emotions can increase feelings of sexual arousal during sexual stimuli (van Overveld & Borg, 2015). In the current study sexual arousal up-regulation instruction amplified feelings of sexual arousal during erotic video material. However, the effect of up-regulation instruction on sexual arousal was observed only among women in the unprimed group, suggesting that highlighting contaminating features of sex may diminish the effects of sexual arousal up-regulation training on experienced sexual arousal. In terms of the Dual Control Model of sexual response (Bancroft et al., 2009; Bancroft & Janssen, 2000) and de Jong et al.’s (2013) model, the null effect observed in the primed group could be explained by inhibitory effects of disgust resulting from the primed exposure to the ambiguous sexual stimulus, outweighing the excitatory effects of the sexual arousal up-regulation instruction. Yet, the absence of a concurrent rise in disgust questions whether the effect of the prime was driven by heightened disgust as would follow from the model of de Jong et al. (2013).
Hormones and visual attention to sexual stimuli in older men: an exploratory investigation
Published in The Aging Male, 2021
Jaime L. Palmer-Hague, Samantha T. S. Wong, Richard J. Wassersug, Alan Kingstone, Erik Wibowo
Sexual arousal involves multidirectional relationships between physiological, psychological, and behavioral processes. Psychological processes, specifically, involve the evaluation of sexually relevant stimuli. These can be both involuntary (rapid, automatic, and unconscious) and voluntary (slower, conscious, and controlled) assessments [1,2]. Automatic assessments take place first, where stimuli are associated with pre-existing knowledge (i.e. meaning), and physiological (e.g. genital) responses are initiated. Controlled assessments come afterward, where attention is directed towards the stimuli, and relevant emotions are experienced. At that point, individuals have a subjective sense of whether they are sexually aroused or not, and become aware of both the stimulus and their physiological response to it. Approach (or avoidance) behavior is then initiated, which facilitates (or hampers) reproduction. Steroid hormones, such as testosterone (T) and estradiol (E2), could be involved in any or all of these processes.