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The Potential of Microbial Mediated Fermentation Products of Herbal Material in Anti-Aging Cosmetics
Published in Namrita Lall, Medicinal Plants for Cosmetics, Health and Diseases, 2022
Cysteine-rich proteins of the CCN protein family are expressed under conditions of oxidative stress, and six distinct cysteine rich proteins (CCN1–6) are distinguished. These are associated with the ECM and confer a myriad of functions, including regulation of ECM synthesis and degradation, inflammation and wound healing. Cysteine-rich protein 61, CCN1, is predominantly expressed in human dermal fibroblasts and expression in both chronologically and photoaged skin is elevated. The contribution of CCN1 to aberrant homeostasis within the dermis is three-fold (Quan and Fisher, 2015), as described following.
WISP1 is associated to advanced disease, EMT and an inflamed tumor microenvironment in multiple solid tumors
Published in OncoImmunology, 2019
Pierre-Olivier Gaudreau, Sylvie Clairefond, Caleb A. Class, Pierre-Luc Boulay, Pavel Chrobak, Bertrand Allard, Feryel Azzi, Sandra Pommey, Kim-Anh Do, Fred Saad, Dominique Trudel, Marian Young, John Stagg
WNT1-Inducible Signaling Pathway Protein 1 (WISP1/CCN4) is a 367 amino acid, 40 kDa protein that is located on chromosome 8q24.1-8q24.3. It is part of the CCN protein family (acronym derived from the first three family members discovered: CYR61, CTGF, and NOV). Except for WISP2, all CCN members share a similar biochemical structure, which includes a signal peptide, an Insulin Growth Factor (IGF) binding peptide, a Von Willebrand (vW) Factor C domain, a Thrombospondin type 1 (TSP1) repeat domain, and a C-terminal domain.9 The CCN family has been implicated in many cellular processes including mitosis stimulation, cell adhesion, apoptosis, extracellular matrix production, migration, growth arrest, and inflammation.10,11