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Describing what happens: Clinical case reports, case series, occurrence studies
Published in Milos Jenicek, Foundations of Evidence-Based Medicine, 2019
The anatomical staging of disease may be further refined by clinical observation and recording of so-called transition events such as the appearance of new observations at clinical examination (new mass, retraction of skin over tumor site, etc.), allowing better timing of events and intervals between them. Such an improved follow-up of the time factor permits a more refined staging, relating to different prognostic characteristics. The procedure belongs to the description of disease course which has been termed ‘auxometry of disease’ by Charlson and Feinstein.13Auxology in pediatrics represents the study of the growth and development of children (normal and abnormal) using, for example, measurements of pertinent somatometric variables (height, weight, etc.). The auxometry of disease thus performs the same function in the field of clinimetrics of disease.
Endocrinology
Published in Stephan Strobel, Lewis Spitz, Stephen D. Marks, Great Ormond Street Handbook of Paediatrics, 2019
Mehul Dattani, Catherine Peters
Monitoring of the condition is by regular auxology and biochemical monitoring. Both undertreated and over-treated CAH can result in an abnormal growth pattern, with an increased or decreased growth velocity respectively. Skeletal age is advanced in under-treated CAH. Measurement of plasma renin activity and 17-OHP is useful in monitoring salt-losing CAH.
Obituary – Professor Eva B. Bodzsar (1947–2019)
Published in Annals of Human Biology, 2019
Annamaria Zsakai, Nicholas Mascie-Taylor
Prof. Bodzsar’s scientific activities and wide-ranging interests focussed mainly on Auxology. Her research career started with studies of sexual maturation in Hungarian adolescents. These studies were pioneering studies in Hungary and Europe and were widely read internationally. Her most important research dealt with each aspect of internal and external factors of human growth and development. She carried out national and regional growth studies in Hungary to explore the growth and maturity pattern of Hungarian children and adolescents to provide data and references for experts in the field of auxology and medical anthropology. Prof. Bodzsar supported international links and cooperation with colleagues in Europe and all over the world so as to provide wider insights into human growth and maturity processes. One of her most important contributions to Auxology was the 2nd Hungarian Growth Study (2003–2006), which provided invaluable information on body structural variables and their variability in relation to socioeconomic, lifestyle and health factors.
Impact of rocker sole footwear on plantar pressure distribution during standing and walking in adult obese women
Published in Disability and Rehabilitation, 2020
François Fourchet, Nicola A. Maffiuletti, Fiorenza Agosti, Alessandra Patrizi, Alessandro Sartorio
A convenience sample of twenty adult obese women (mean age ± SD: 30 ± 10 yrs; height: 162 ± 6 cm; BMI: 43 ± 7 kg/m2) volunteered to participate in the study. Inclusion criteria were: age ≥18 years, BMI ≥30 kg/m2, absence of severe and uncontrolled hypertension, absence of overt uncompensated diabetes, and absence of signs or symptoms referable to any major cardiovascular, respiratory, neuromuscular or orthopedic disease. The experimental procedures were approved by the ethical committee of the Italian Institute of Auxology, and all subjects gave written informed consent prior to participation.
From growth charts to growth status: how concepts of optimal growth and tempo influence the interpretation of growth measurements
Published in Annals of Human Biology, 2023
Over the past four and a half decades, the International Society for the Study of Human Growth and Clinical Auxology has convened an interdisciplinary group of researchers to expand our understanding of the multidimensional nature of human growth and its global variation. The Society and its Congresses have included significant contributions from clinicians, anthropologists, economists, historians, statisticians, kinesiologists, and experts in public health, nutrition, and child development. In earlier decades, secular changes in birthweight, growth and maturation, and growth differences according to social class, family size, and population ancestry were documented, propelling the recognition of the plasticity of human growth and the need to understand the mechanisms by which growth and maturation were part of the overall health and ecology of the child. Longitudinal studies were instrumental in revealing growth processes, such as the mid-childhood growth spurt (Tanner and Cameron 1980), the saltatory nature of human growth (Lampl and Johnson 1993), the relationships between growth tempo and skeletal and sexual maturation (Kozieł 2001), and methods for analysing longitudinal growth (Bock et al. 1973; Preece and Baines 1978; Jolicoeur et al. 1992; Cole et al. 2010). Further, large cohort studies have extended our insights into the intrauterine and early childhood growth and their association with adult outcomes (Victora et al. 2008) and intergenerational effects (Martorell and Zongrone 2012). The international growth reference by the WHO Multicentre Growth Study was developed (de Onis et al. 2003), intended as a standard for optimal growth of all infants and young children, and sparked intense interest in population-specific growth patterns and the consequences of a universal growth chart.