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Role of Naturopathy in Pain Management
Published in Mark V. Boswell, B. Eliot Cole, Weiner's Pain Management, 2005
Bromelain mainly comprises cysteine proteases, with smaller amounts of acid phosphatase, peroxidase, amylase, and cellulase. Bromelain contains at least four distinct cysteine proteases. The principal stem protease is called stem bromelain or stem bromelain protease. Two additional proteases found in the stem are called ananain and comosain.
A comprehensive overview on the anti-inflammatory, antitumor, and ferroptosis functions of bromelain: an emerging cysteine protease
Published in Expert Opinion on Biological Therapy, 2022
Prajitha K Rajan, Nageswara Rao Dunna, Sivaramakrishnan Venkatabalasubramanian
Furthermore, the optimum pH for stem BRL activity is 7, whereas fruit BRL is functional at a divergent pH range of 3–8. In addition, both fruit and stem BRL go through complicated glycosylation depending on enzyme availability, amino acid sequence, and protein shape. The current glycosylation status of stem and fruit BRL requires further extensive research and is still nascent. The other two significant enzymes present in pineapple are ananain, with molecular mass and isoelectric point the same as stem BRL. Comosain is the other endopeptidase with 24,400 Da molecular mass, 186 amino acids, and possesses glycosylation [7,8]. BRL possesses many therapeutic properties like anti-inflammatory, anti-thrombotic, and fibrinolytic activity. Besides these, studies have also proven the anticancer activity and its ability to promote apoptotic cell death. Multi-organ failure caused by distinct inflammation and systemic coagulation initiated by viral components of SAR-COV-2 accounts for challenges and increasing mortality. A recent finding has proven the potential anti-inflammatory and anti-coagulant properties of BRL as a therapeutic adjuvant for alleviating the inflammation associated with the SARS-CoV-2 virus and reducing its progression [9].