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Meeting personal needs: elimination
Published in Nicola Neale, Joanne Sale, Developing Practical Nursing Skills, 2022
Most bags can stay on for up to 3 days as long as the person is comfortable. Some people may prefer to change the bags daily, so regimes must be tailored to individuals (Erwin-Toth 2003). If the skin becomes sensitive there are specially developed non-greasy lotions to sooth it and protect it from the adhesive. There are also lotions or wipes that dry on application to the skin forming a plastic barrier layer to protect the skin under the baseplate.
Diagnosis of Chronic Fatigue Syndrome
Published in Jay A. Goldstein, Chronic Fatigue Syndromes, 2020
The major skin disorder is herpes simplex, both oral and genital. Herpes zoster is also fairly common. Psoriasis, urticaria, and atopic dermatitis are seen more often than in the general population and diffuse alopecia is seen more frequently than all of these conditions put together. Some of my patients have had to buy wigs. Minoxidil lotion may be of benefit. An inflammatory obliteration of fingerprints, as described by Cheney, occasionally occurs. The alopecia may sometimes be related to adrenal androgens and may be treated with low dose dexamethasone.
Introduction to Conditioning Agents for Hair and Skin
Published in Randy Schueller, Perry Romanowski, Conditioning Agents for Hair and Skin, 2020
Randy Schueller, Perry Romanowski
This leads us to the next question, which is: "Why is conditioning being included as part of this product profile?" This is a very important question given that conditioning may not be the primary purpose of the product. For example, a hand and body lotion has different conditioning requirements than a conditioning nail polish remover. While both are claimed to be "conditioning," the expectations are quite different. The requirements for the nail polish remover may be satisfied as long as the nail and the surrounding tissue is somewhat refatted and protected from the lipid-stripping action of the solvents that the product may employ to dissolve the polish. The hand and body lotion may need to significantly increase the moisture content of the skin. Conditioning claims are often made as a secondary benefit; understanding the role of conditioning agents in the product will help the chemist decide on appropriate agents to include.
Oxiconazole nitrate solid lipid nanoparticles: formulation, in-vitro characterization and clinical assessment of an analogous loaded carbopol gel
Published in Drug Development and Industrial Pharmacy, 2020
Rabab A. Mahmoud, Amal K. Hussein, Ghada A. Nasef, Heba F. Mansour
Skin fungal infections are widely spread all over the world for both sexes including different types related to various pathogens. Tinea is considered one of the most common long-lasting cutaneous fungal infection [1]. The primary line of treatment for this type of infection is the topical antifungals while systemic antifungals are suggested in severe or persistent cases [2]. Topical antifungal agents are usually favored over systemic ones due to direct localization of the drug to the infected site, with reduced side effects and enhanced patient compliance [3]. Azole antifungals are the most widely used class in treatment of this type of infection. The effective topical dosage forms including creams, lotions and ointments are applied daily for different time periods. Oxiconazole nitrate belonging to azole antifungals is successfully used for the treatment of Tinea fungal infection. It has intermediate molecular weight, good polymers compatibility, low irritation viability and good skin permeability [4]. However, the outermost layer of the skin named the stratum corneum acts as the main obstacle for drug penetration. Therefore, studies focus on designing drug delivery systems with improved penetration ability through the stratum corneum to enhance the antifungal efficacy [3,5].
Topical lotions utilized in outpatient rehabilitation clinics as a potential source of bacterial contamination
Published in Physiotherapy Theory and Practice, 2019
Henry G. Spratt, David Levine, Julie Bage, David K. Giles, A. Grace Collier
All of the lotions sampled in this study contain ingredients added as preservatives to inhibit the growth of microorganisms that might contaminate the lotion. To determine whether or not a group of bacteria, either associated with human skin, or potentially transferable to human skin from other sources were inhibited by preservatives at the concentrations present in the lotions, a diffusion test was performed using the following bacterial species: E. coli, P. aeruginosa, S. marcescens, and S. aureus. Sterile TSA plates were inoculated with 0.1 ml of a tryptic soy broth overnight pure culture of a target bacterium, which was then spread over the entire surface of the plate to yield a “lawn” of bacterial growth. Immediately after the plates were inoculated, aliquots of three of the lotions (FU, PCB, and PB) were evenly placed on top of the agar with the bacteria. The lotions were applied using a cylindrical stainless steel rod that was 7 mm in diameter. This rod was alcohol flame sterilized before being pushed approximately 1 cm into one of the lotions, and then removed. Lotion adhering to the stainless steel rod was then placed onto the TSA plates inoculated with bacteria by just touching the rod to the surface of the agar. The residue of each lotion placed on the TSA plates produced roughly circular accumulations ranging from 7 to 9 mm in diameter. After all TSA plates with target bacteria had lotion added, these plates were incubated at 37°C for 48 h. After incubation, any zones of inhibition of bacterial growth for the four cultures around the deposited lotions were measured in millimeters.
Safe Essential Oil Practice in Cancer Centers
Published in Oncology Issues, 2018
Tisha Throne Jones, Debra Reis
As a safe practice for topical application, skin patch testing can be done on the forearm or the hand, and reactions usually manifest quickly.13 However, be observant for up to 24 hours for any delayed reactions. Further caution must be taken when applying essential oils to damaged skin, which may include infection, systemic disease, and dehydration. Damaged skin lacks the protective barrier and can be more absorbent, possibly leading to adverse reactions.5 In addition, caution must be used if the skin has been exposed to medications or other lotions or creams. It is not recommended that essential oils be used topically over skin areas where medication was applied; essential oil and medication interaction is not known. The interaction of essential oils with synthetic and/or chemically based products can create harmful interactions on the affected skin area. Consult a certified clinical aromatherapist if considering using essential oils for compresses, dressings, or any type of wound care.