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Green Metal-Based Nanoparticles Synthesized Using Medicinal Plants and Plant Phytochemicals against Multidrug-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus
Published in Richard L. K. Glover, Daniel Nyanganyura, Rofhiwa Bridget Mulaudzi, Maluta Steven Mufamadi, Green Synthesis in Nanomedicine and Human Health, 2021
Abeer Ahmed Qaed Ahmed, Lin Xiao, Tracey Jill Morton McKay, Guang Yang
Plants in Asteraceae family were reported to have phytochemicals such as sesquiterpene lactones, saponins, flavonoids, alkaloids and glycosides that showed antibacterial activity (Constabel et al., 1988; Da Costa et al., 2005 ). Xanthium strumarium (Asteraceae family) extract exhibited remarkable antibacterial effects on MSSA and MRSA, attributed to the presence of flavonoids, phenolic acids, tannins and terpenoids (Rad et al., 2013). The antibacterial activity of Saussurea lappa root (Asteraceae family) ethanolic extracts against MDR bacteria, including MRSA, were evaluated. The results exhibited bacteriostatic effects against MDR bacteria at lower concentrations and bactericidal effects at higher concentrations (Hasson et al., 2013).
TCM safety and regulations
Published in Raymond Cooper, Chun-Tao Che, Daniel Kam-Wah Mok, Charmaine Wing-Yee Tsang, Chinese and Botanical Medicines, 2017
Raymond Cooper, Chun-Tao Che, Daniel Kam-Wah Mok, Charmaine Wing-Yee Tsang
Substances known to be potentially dangerous include Aconitum, certain fungi, and Aristolochia and Asarum species. In another example, to avoid the toxic and adverse effects in Xanthium sibiricum, this plant must be processed very carefully. Furthermore, hepatotoxicity has been reported with products containing Polygonum multiflorum, glycyrrhizin, Senecio, and Symphytum. Other herbs indicated as being hepatotoxic include Dictamnus dasycarpus, Astragalus membranaceous, and Paeonia lactiflora.
Direct and indirect targets of carboxyatractyloside, including overlooked toxicity toward nucleoside diphosphate kinase (NDPK) and mitochondrial H+ leak
Published in Pharmaceutical Biology, 2023
The nomenclature of Xanthium spp. is based on ‘The World Checklist of Vascular Plants, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew' (WCVP 2022) in partnership with the ‘Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF)' (Roy et al. 2020), and ‘The World Flora Online' (WFO 2022). The local/global presence and distribution of Xanthium spp. were determined using the following databases: the ‘Alien Species in Poland' (pol. Gatunki Obce w Polsce) (Gatunki Obce w Polsce 2022), the ‘CABI (Centre for Agriculture and Bioscience International) - Invasive Species Compendium' (CABI 2022), the ‘DAISIE (Delivering Alien Invasive Species Inventories for Europe) - Inventory of alien invasive species in Europe' in partnership with the ‘GBIF' (Roy et al. 2020), the ‘Alien Plants in Greece: a web-based platform' (Alien Plants in Greece 2022), and the ‘Flora of Greece Web' (Flora of Greece Web 2022). Information concerning the potential toxicity of Xanthium spp. was searched in ‘European Food Safety Authority' (European Food Safety Authority 2012) and ‘FDA (United States Food and Drug Administration) - Poisonous Plant Database' (FDA 2022). The literature and other data were searched in ACS Publications, Acta Scientiae Veterinariae, BioOne Complete, Canadian Science Publishing, Google/Google Scholar, Oxford Academic, Postępy Fitoterapii, PubMed, ResearchGate, RSC Publishing, SciELO Brazil, ScienceDirect, Sciendo, SpringerLink, Taylor & Francis Online, TÜBİTAK Academic Journals, and Wiley Online Library databases between 1957 and December 2022 using the following keywords: ‘ADP/ATP carrier (AAC)', ‘atractyloside', ‘carboxyatractyloside', ‘cattle', ‘cockleburs', ‘hepatorenal syndrome', ‘hepatotoxicity', ‘mitochondria', ‘molecular interactions', ‘nephrotoxicity', ‘nucleoside diphosphate kinase (NDPK)', ‘oxidative phosphorylation', ‘proton (H+) leak', ‘Traditional Chinese Medicine', ‘uncoupling protein (UCP)', and ‘Xanthium'.