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Effect of Elevated CO2 Conditions on Medicinal Plants
Published in Azamal Husen, Environmental Pollution and Medicinal Plants, 2022
Anuj Choudhary, Antul Kumar, Harmanjot Kaur, Mandeep Singh, Gurparsad Singh Suri, Gurleen Kaur, Sahil Mehta
In Withania somnifera, at 600 µmol mol–1 CO2 and 800 µmol mol–1, the dry weight of leaves was enhanced by up to 53.19 per cent and 90.66 per cent respectively. Also, the root dry weight and shoot dry weight were elevated by 14.24 per cent and 93.06 per cent at 800 µmol mol–1, along with 32.59 per cent and 8.75 per cent at 600 µmol mol–1 CO2 concentrations (Sharma et al. 2018). Rising atmospheric carbon dioxide also significantly increases the photosynthetic rate as well as the total dry biomass of Xanthium strumarium (Ziska 2001). Similarly, in the case of Cirsium arvense, above-ground dry weight and photosynthesis rate were stimulated (Ziska 2002). In addition, some negative effects were also observed on the plant Eruca sativa in which there are more chances of host-pathogen interaction and pathogenicity and of the plant becoming more prone to fungal diseases (Chitarra et al. 2015).
Green Metal-Based Nanoparticles Synthesized Using Medicinal Plants and Plant Phytochemicals against Multidrug-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus
Published in Richard L. K. Glover, Daniel Nyanganyura, Rofhiwa Bridget Mulaudzi, Maluta Steven Mufamadi, Green Synthesis in Nanomedicine and Human Health, 2021
Abeer Ahmed Qaed Ahmed, Lin Xiao, Tracey Jill Morton McKay, Guang Yang
Plants in Asteraceae family were reported to have phytochemicals such as sesquiterpene lactones, saponins, flavonoids, alkaloids and glycosides that showed antibacterial activity (Constabel et al., 1988; Da Costa et al., 2005 ). Xanthium strumarium (Asteraceae family) extract exhibited remarkable antibacterial effects on MSSA and MRSA, attributed to the presence of flavonoids, phenolic acids, tannins and terpenoids (Rad et al., 2013). The antibacterial activity of Saussurea lappa root (Asteraceae family) ethanolic extracts against MDR bacteria, including MRSA, were evaluated. The results exhibited bacteriostatic effects against MDR bacteria at lower concentrations and bactericidal effects at higher concentrations (Hasson et al., 2013).
13-Acetoxysarcocrassolide induces apoptosis in human hepatocellular carcinoma cells through mitochondrial dysfunction and suppression of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR/p70S6K signalling pathway
Published in Pharmaceutical Biology, 2022
Chang-Min Hsu, Jen-Jie Lin, Jui-Hsin Su, Chih-I Liu
Recently, many researchers have pointed out that the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway is one of the major pathways regulating cell proliferation, apoptosis, and cell migration (Street et al. 2004; Bader et al. 2005). In recent years, there have been numerous researchers investigating the effects of natural compounds on HCC. Flaccidoxide-13-acetate, which was isolated from the marine soft coral Sinularia gibberosa, can inhibit the metastasis of HA22T and HepG2 HCC cells by inhibiting the FAK/PI3K/Akt/mTOR signalling pathway, as well as the expression of MMP-2 and MMP-9 (Wu et al. 2020). Further Kim et al. (2019) fund that the ethanol extracts XS-5 and XS-6 of Xanthium strumarium L. (Asteraceteae), a traditional herb used to treat inflammatory diseases, can significantly induce apoptosis and inhibit proliferation in HCC cells (Huh-7 and Hep3B) by inhibiting the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway. The findings reported by Hui et al. (2019) showed that a crude plant compound of Alpinia oxyphylla oil can inhibit the growth of HCC cells by blocking PI3K signalling.
Direct and indirect targets of carboxyatractyloside, including overlooked toxicity toward nucleoside diphosphate kinase (NDPK) and mitochondrial H+ leak
Published in Pharmaceutical Biology, 2023
Field research related to this project led to identification of some atractyloside (ATR, Figure 1) and carboxyatractyloside (CATR, Figure 1) producers in different European locations, i.e., Poland and Greece. Xanthium strumarium L. (Asteraceae), which is considered a common or rough cocklebur (Figures 2(a,b) and 3), is widely distributed in Poland (Wolski et al. 2016), and Xanthium orientale L. (Asteraceae) (Figure 2(c,d)) belongs to the alien flora of Rodos Island (SE Aegean) (Galanos 2015). Generally, X. strumarium and X. orientale are accepted species by ‘The World Checklist of Vascular Plants' (WCVP 2022) and by ‘The World Flora Online' (WFO 2022). The stands of Xanthium spp. presented here are indexed for the first time. The sites of X. strumarium in Poland (Wielkopolska/Greater Poland Voivodeship) were located in Obrzycko Town (e.g., 52°42′29.0″N 16°30′24.7″E; initially observed on 12 August 2018 and confirmed the following summer until 2022) and Bablin Village (52°40′24.9″N 16°42′57.6″E; initially observed on 16 August 2020 and confirmed the next summer until 2022), supporting the westward expansion of common cocklebur along the Warta River. In turn, a X. orientale community was identified in the Faliraki resort on the Greek Island of Rodos (36°21′13.4″N 28°12′35.6″E; initially observed on 3 October 2019 and confirmed during the following autumn until 2022). To date, the available literature and databases focusing on the plant distribution/invasiveness at the local and global levels have not mentioned Xanthium spp. in the above-described habitats in Central and Southern Europe (see Methods). Unfortunately, the updating and precision of these databases are often neglected.
Phytodermatitis in East and southeast of Turkey: A prospective study
Published in Cutaneous and Ocular Toxicology, 2019
In total, 7 (20.5%) of 34 patients were diagnosed with PPD. PPD occured after contact of Heracleum persicum in 3 patients, Ferula orientalis in 3 patients, and Chaerophyllum macropodum Boiss in 1 patient. ACD developed in 2 (5.8%) patients. All cases of ACD caused due to Xanthium strumarium.