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Aceclidine
Published in Anton C. de Groot, Monographs in Contact Allergy, 2021
A 69-year old woman had bilateral periorbital redness, edema and severe pruritus for a few months. For glaucoma she used eye drops containing aceclidine hydrochloride. Earlier, she had been treated with latanoprost and dorzolamide containing topical ophthalmic medications. Patch testing gave a positive (D2 +++, D3 +++) reaction to the aceclidine eye drops after tape stripping. These eye drops are prepared from a dry substance and a solvent. The solvent contains benzalkonium chloride, boric acid and sodium tetraborate. The dry substance also contains boric acid and sodium tetraborate in addition to the active principle aceclidine hydrochloride. Both substances were patch tested (probably pure, no concentrations or vehicles mentioned) and there was a positive reaction to the dry substance only. It was concluded per exclusionem that the patient was allergic to aceclidine hydrochloride. Control tests were not performed. After the use of the eye drops was discontinued, the dermatitis quickly subsided (2).
Ultratrace Minerals
Published in Luke R. Bucci, Nutrition Applied to Injury Rehabilitation and Sports Medicine, 2020
In 1989, Pardue and others injected turkey eggs with 250 or 500 μg of boron as sodium tetraborate.1011 Tibial weight, tibial length, tibial calcium content, and bone ash were all significantly increased by boron addition. In 1992, Elliot and Edwards from the Department of Poultry Science of the University of Georgia reported on the interaction of different levels of dietary boron with calcium and vitamin D (cholecalciferol) in broiler cockerels fed tibial dyschondroplasia-inducing basal diets.1012 Dietary boron at intakes of 0,5, 10,20,40, and 80 mg/kg had no influence on weight gain, feed efficiency, or plasma mineral levels. Boron intakes of 5 and 10 mg/kg were associated with increased bone ash. However, varying dietary calcium and vitamin D intakes along with boron intakes of 0, 3, or 40 mg/kg did not show any obvious interactions.
The Modification of Lysine
Published in Roger L. Lundblad, Chemical Reagents for Protein Modification, 2020
The reaction of trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid with ammonium has also been investigated by Whitaker and co-workers.131 This reaction was performed in tetraborate buffer and 1 μM sulfite. The rate of the reaction was determined by following the increase in absorbance at 420 nm (∊ = 2.02 x 104M−1 cm−1). The rate of reaction with ammonium (k = 0.128 min−1) was slower than that with the average amine in a protein (k = 0.907 min−1 for enterotoxin) (Figure 49). The reaction with ammonium does, however, provide a sensitive assay for ammonia (as low as 6 nmol) with a precision of 1 to 2%.
Ulva lactuca methanolic extract improves oxidative stress-related male infertility induced in experimental animals
Published in Archives of Physiology and Biochemistry, 2021
Doaa A. Ghareeb, Alshimaa Abd-Elgwad, Nihal El-Guindy, Galila Yacout, Hala H. Zaatout
An aliquot of 0.8 mL hyaluronate solution (1.25 g/L in acetate buffer, the acetate buffer prepared with 50 mM concentration, pH 4 containing 150 mM sodium chloride) was preincubated for 15 min at 37 °C. An aliquot of 0.2 mL buffered sample (135 µL spermatozoa mixed with 67.5 µL acetate buffer) was mixed with hyaluronate and incubated for 10 min at 37 °C (tested solution). An aliquot of 500 µL of tested solution was added to 0.1 mL tetraborate (0.8 M, pH 9.1) and heated for 3 min in boiling water bath then cooled. Three millilitres dimethylaminobenzaldehyde, 1% (4-dimethylaminobenz-aldehyde in acetic acid containing 12.5 v/v hydrochloric acid, 10 M, before used, the solution was diluted with 9 volumes acetic acid) reagent was added then the solution was incubated for 20 min at 37 °C. Blank solution was prepared by mixing 0.1 mL tetraborate solution, 0.4 mL hyaluronate, and 0.1 mL sample. An aliquot of 500 µl of standard N-acetylglucosamine solutions (10 µg/mL in acetate buffer) or blank solution was added instead of tested solution and the previous procedure was carried out. The obtained colour was estimated at 585 nm against blank (Leaback and Walker 1963).
Novel Hyaluronic Acid ethosomes based gel formulation for topical use with reduced toxicity, better skin permeation, deposition, and improved pharmacodynamics
Published in Journal of Liposome Research, 2023
Tushit Sharma, Shubham Thakur, Manjot Kaur, Amrinder Singh, Subheet Kumar Jain
Hyaluronic Acid mainly consists of repeating units of glucuronic acid. Thus, the estimation of HA was performed by relative colorimetric analysis of glucuronic acid as reported in European Pharmacopoiea (European Pharmacopoeia 7.0 page no. 2929). The glucuronic acid content by reaction with carbazole was calculated with the use of Reagent A and Reagent B. These reagents were produced for the analysis of HA content in different samples as reported in European Pharmacopoeia. Reagent A: 0.95 g of disodium tetraborate was dissolved in 100 mL of sulphuric acid.Reagent B: 0.125 g of carbazole was dissolved in 100 mL of anhydrous ethanol.Test solution: This solution was prepared in triplicate. 0.170 g of the substance to be examined was dissolved in water and diluted to 100 mL with the same solvent. 10 mL of this solution was diluted to 200 mL with water.Reference stock solution: 0.100 g of D-glucuronic acid was dissolved in water previously dried to constant mass in vaccum over diphosphorus pentoxide, and diluted to 100 g with the same solvent.Reference solutions: 5 different dilutions of the reference stock solution were made between 6.5 µg/g and 65 µg/g of D-glucuronic acid.
Pharmacological potential of tocopherol and doxycycline against traumatic brain injury-induced cognitive/motor impairment in rats
Published in Brain Injury, 2020
Arti Rana, Shamsher Singh, Rahul Deshmukh, Anoop Kumar
The solution was derivatized with OPA/b-ME before injecting in the HPLC according to the method of Donzanti and Yamamoto (1988, 23). The derivatizing stock solution was prepared by dissolving 27 mg OPA in 1 ml methanol. 9 ml tetraborate buffer (0.1 M sodium tetraborate) was mixed with 5 µl of b-ME at a pH-10.3. The concentration of working OPA/b-ME was prepared by diluting 5 ml of stock OPA/b-ME solution with 7.5 ml of tetraborate buffer. The tissue supernatant was mixed with a derivatized reagent in the ratio of 1:1.5 (Sample: reagent ratio) (28,29).