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Recent Developments in Therapies and Strategies Against COVID-19
Published in Hanadi Talal Ahmedah, Muhammad Riaz, Sagheer Ahmed, Marius Alexandru Moga, The Covid-19 Pandemic, 2023
Misbah Hameed, M. Zia-Ul-Haq, Marius Moga
Teicoplanin is an antibiotic that is used as a prophylactic agent and in the treatment of some serious Gram-positive bacterial infections, such as methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and Enterococcus faecalis. It is a semisynthetic glycopeptide in nature. It is produced from the fermentation of Actinoplanes teichomyceticus. It has a spectrum of activity similar to that of vancomycin. It acts by inhibiting bacterial cell wall synthesis.
Teicoplanin
Published in M. Lindsay Grayson, Sara E. Cosgrove, Suzanne M. Crowe, M. Lindsay Grayson, William Hope, James S. McCarthy, John Mills, Johan W. Mouton, David L. Paterson, Kucers’ The Use of Antibiotics, 2017
Anouk E. Muller, Inge C. Gyssens
Although in clinical trials teicoplanin has been used for both MRSA and methicillin-susceptible S. aureus (MSSA) infections, it is mainly indicated for MRSA infections but is also recommended for MSSA infections if the patient is allergic to beta-lactam antibiotics.
Acute bacterial skin and skin structure infections in pediatric patients: potential role of dalbavancin
Published in Expert Review of Anti-infective Therapy, 2023
Lorenzo Volpicelli, Mario Venditti, Alessandra Oliva
Teicoplanin is another glycopeptide active in MDR Gram-positives. A hydrophobic moiety confers an excellent skin penetration and allows this drug to be considered a first-generation lipoglycopeptide [33]. It is licensed in Europe, Asia, and Africa but not in the U.S.A. because the doses required in the national trials to achieve clearance of S. aureus bacteremia resulted in toxins and were associated with the development of thrombocytopenia. Compared to vancomycin, teicoplanin has the advantage of a single daily administration after the first 3–5 loading doses and a reduced incidence of serious adverse effects, such as flushing syndrome and nephrotoxicity. Specific data on pediatric SSTI are limited, but teicoplanin demonstrated non inferiority to vancomycin for many types of infection [34]. Pharmacokinetic studies focusing on critically ill children found a high risk of teicoplanin underdosing and suggested a modeling approach with dosing individualization [35]. In a recent retrospective study on 29 non-critically ill children receiving teicoplanin for Gram-positive infections, the therapeutic drug monitoring showed that 82% of the through concentrations were within the target and none was subtherapeutic. Most samples (81%) were collected in an outpatient parenteral antibiotic therapy (OPAT) setting. Overall, clinical cure was achieved by 88%, and the treatment was well tolerated with no renal or hepatic dysfunction observed [36].
Infectious Scleritis due to Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus Aureus after Dengue Viral Fever
Published in Ocular Immunology and Inflammation, 2022
Mallika Goyal, Somasheila I. Murthy
MRSA has been reported to cause infectious scleritis in other series7 and reports as well. Lee et al. reported a case of MRSA scleritis with contiguous keratitis occurring 6 months after pterygium surgery, that responded to topical and systemic vancomycin and subsequently underwent a scleral patch graft.8 Feiz et al. described MRSA scleritis after pars plana vitrectomy, which responded to topical vancomycin and oral erythromycin.9 In our case, there was only partial clinical response to vancomycin and oral linezolid, which are known antimicrobial agents used to treat MRSA,10 and the condition had worsened initially. It was only after starting parenteral Teicoplanin there was rapid response, and the infection was controlled. Teicoplanin is a glycopeptide antibiotic and is often the second or sometimes the first-line therapy for treating various systemic MRSA infections and has been proven to be an effective and safe drug.10 It was therefore a drug of choice in our case as the strain was sensitive to it.
Lipid liquid-crystalline nanoparticles sustained teicoplanin delivery for treatment of chronic osteomyelitis: in vitro and in vivo studies
Published in Journal of Microencapsulation, 2022
The amount of teicoplanin released in the blood from the cubosomal gel (TP-Cu-500-G, dose = 5 mg) and after intravenous injections (single dose data for 24 h) are shown in Figure 5. The cubosomal gel treated group showed Cmax (maximum concentration) of 4.21 ± 1.01 µg/mL after 12 h (tmax), followed by sustained release up to 14 days (no drug detected after 2 weeks). While, the rabbits treated with conventional intravenous injections of teicoplanin, the concentration varied from 35.11 ± 5.54 µg/mL after immediate dose and then drops significantly to 2.99 ± 1.02 µg/mL just before next dosing. The pharmacokinetic profile indicate sustained release of teicoplanin from the cubosomal gel up to 2 weeks compared to single dose conventional intravenous injections. The data suggest that the serum teicoplanin concentration with cubosomal gel treatment was far lower compared to multiple conventional intravenous injections (high dose daily injection). Thus, the cubosomal gel could overcome the systemic adverse effects associated with conventional multiple intravenous injections. In conclusion, the plasma concentration-time profiles as well as the histopathological reports indicate that the teicoplanin loaded cubosomes laden gel showed sustained high local drug release for effective treatment of osteomyelitis to substitute traditional multiple intravenous injections.