China
Africa
Explore chapters and articles related to this topic
Toxins in Neuro-Ophthalmology
Published in Vivek Lal, A Clinical Approach to Neuro-Ophthalmic Disorders, 2023
This group includes sildenafil, tadalafil and vardenafil, which are commonly used in the treatment of erectile dysfunction as well as pulmonary arterial hypertension (sildenafil). They act by increasing cyclic form of Guanosine Mono-Phosphate (cGMP) concentrations leading to systemic arterial smooth muscle relaxation and vasodilatation.
The Patient with Non-Group 2 Pulmonary Hypertension
Published in Andreas P. Kalogeropoulos, Hal A. Skopicki, Javed Butler, Heart Failure, 2023
Sophia Anastasia Mouratoglou, George Giannakoulas
Tadalafil is another PDE-5 inhibitor, administered in a single daily dose of 40 mg, that showed favorable effects on 6-minute walk test distance, hemodynamics, and time to clinical worsening when compared with placebo both in treatment-naïve patients and in patients under background advanced treatment for PAH, in a randomized, controlled, clinical trial.54
Complication management and prevention
Published in Jani van Loghem, Calcium Hydroxylapatite Soft Tissue Fillers, 2020
Pieter Siebenga, Jani van Loghem
Aspirin 500 mg should be used to limit platelet aggregation, clot propagation, and further compromise. [30]. Drugs such as sildenafil and tadalafil can be used to induce smooth muscle relaxation, dilate blood vessels, and increase blood flow [46]. Finally, subcutaneous injection of a low molecular weight heparin such as nadroparin (fraxiparine) can be used to prevent thrombus formation proximal to the embolus, and should be injected within four hours of the intravascular event [27].
Efficacy and safety of low-intensity extracorporeal shock wave therapy versus on-demand tadalafil for erectile dysfunction
Published in Arab Journal of Urology, 2022
Fouad Zanaty, Atef Badawy, Hossam Kotb, Fatma Elsarfy, Baher Salman
Participants were randomized to the LIESWT group or Tadalafil group by the electronic method. Patients in the LIESWT group received 6 sessions (2 per week) with an average of 6,000 shocks per session (half of which were delivered to the crura penis and half to the penile shaft). This means that patients received an average of 36,000 pulses throughout treatment. Shockwaves were administered with the PiezoWave2 unit (Richard Wolf – ELvation Medical GmbH) with the FBL10 × 5G2 linear focusing shockwave applicator. The focus penetration depth was 15 mm. This technology accounts for the precise, well-defined focal zone. Patients were in the supine position with no anesthesia given. Patients in the Tadalafil group self-administered Tadalafil on-demand at a dose of 20mg each hour before each event of sexual intercourse. Patients in the LIESWT group were not allowed to take PDE5Is during the trial duration.
Sauna habits/bathing and changes in lower urinary tract symptoms – Tampere Ageing Male Urologic Study (TAMUS)
Published in Scandinavian Journal of Urology, 2022
Antti Pöyhönen, Jonne Åkerla, Juha Koskimäki, Teuvo L. J. Tammela, Anssi Auvinen
The possible mechanism of how sauna bathing may relieve different conditions is not known. One theory is that the positive effect of sauna bathing is attributable to increased nitric oxide (NO) bioactivity [3]. This theory is of urological interest, as a specific phosphodiesterase type 5 (PDE-5) inhibitor is used as a medication for erectile dysfunction and its mechanism is based on enhanced nitric oxide (NO)-mediated vasodilation in the corpus cavernosum through inhibition of cyclic guanosine monophosphate breakdown [5]. One PDE-5 inhibitor, tadalafil, has a long half-life with daily dosage. Tadalafil is also used to relieve male LUTS and its effect on LUTS is independent of erectile dysfunction [6]. PDE-5 has been demonstrated in the lower urinary tract and inhibition of PDE-5 decreases smooth muscle cell proliferation in the prostate, relaxes smooth muscle in the prostate and bladder neck, thus increasing perfusion of the lower urinary tract [7]. Based on these theories, sauna bathing could credibly be associated with LUTS.
Halogen gas exposure: toxic effects on the parturient
Published in Toxicology Mechanisms and Methods, 2021
Dylan R. Addis, James A. Lambert, David A. Ford, Tamas Jilling, Sadis Matalon
Tadalafil is a phosphodiesterase-5 specific inhibitor currently approved for clinical use to treat erectile dysfunction, benign prostatic hypertrophy, and used ‘off-label’ for the treatment of pulmonary hypertension. With phosphodiesterase-5 inhibition the breakdown of cGMP is impeded, resulting in a functional increase in the availability of cGMP to serve as a vasoactive mediator. Pregnant mice exposed to bromine demonstrate decreased levels of cGMP. In pregnant mice administered tadalafil 1-h post-exposure and then once every subsequent 24-h they demonstrated increased cGMP levels accompanied by a significantly improved overall mortality rate resulting in 80% survival and bringing the survival curve back into alignment with that observed in non-pregnant mice post-exposure (Figure 3). Pregnant mice administered tadalafil demonstrated a less pronounced decrease in maternal weight at 4 days post-exposure compared with control animals. Finally, tadalafil administration improved fetal length and fetal weight. These findings suggest that impaired cGMP-mediated vasodilation may be at least in part a mechanistic driver for not only the maternal phenotype demonstrated, but also the observed impairment of fetal growth and development. Downstream vasoactive modulation of the placental vasculature may be a significant component of the toxic effects of halogen gas on the fetus.