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Use of Essential Oils in Agriculture
Published in K. Hüsnü Can Başer, Gerhard Buchbauer, Handbook of Essential Oils, 2020
Catherine Regnault-Roger, Susanne Hemetsberger, Gerhard Buchbauer
Species of Eucalyptus (Myrtaceae), such as Eucalyptus citriodora and Eucalyptus tereticornis, can be used for weed control, because they could reduce growth, chlorophyll and water content when used as fumigants. They also have been shown to reduce the cellular respiration of Parthenium hysterophorus (Asteraceae). After about two weeks, injuries like necrosis or wilting could be observed (Batish et al., 2008; Dayan et al., 2009). Moreover, the EO of E. citriodora can also inhibit its seed germination. The suspected mode of action is the inhibition of mitosis (Singh et al., 2005). The EO obtained from E. tereticornis showed a higher toxicity than that of E. citriodora, because of a slightly different composition of the EO. In another study, E. citriodora EO was tested on crops—namely Triticum aestivum, Zea mays, and Raphanus sativus—and weeds—namely Cassia occidentalis, Amaranthus viridis, and Echinochloa crus-galli. It could be shown that the EO was more toxic to small-seeded crops such as A. viridis. When Eucalyptus EO was tested on P. hysterophorus and Phalaris minor, the herbicidal effect could also be confirmed (Batish et al., 2008). The herbicidal effect of E. citriodora on P. minor was examined in another study by Batish et al. They found that the concentration of lemon-scented eucalyptus oil is important for inhibiting the growth. The inhibition is higher at higher concentrations. The mode of action is more the inhibition of growth of seedlings than inhibition of germination; E. citriodora also lessens the chlorophyll content and the respiratory activity of the weed and causes an ion leakage in membranes (Batish et al., 2007c). The herbicidal effect of E. citriodora was also mentioned by Dudai et al. (1999) when they examined the inhibition of germination of wheat seeds. E. camaldulensis also showed promising effects in controlling Amaranthus hybridus and Portulaca oleracea, because it inhibits seedling growth as well as germination in both of them. Its main compound is identified as spathulenol (Verdeguer et al., 2009).
Contribution of spathulenol to the anti-nociceptive effects of Psidium guineense
Published in Nutritional Neuroscience, 2022
Elisangela Dos Santos, Joyce Alencar Santos Radai, Kamilla Felipe do Nascimento, Anelise Samara Nazari Formagio, Natália de Matos Balsalobre, Edward Benjamin Ziff, Elisabete Castelon Konkiewitz, Candida Aparecida Leite Kassuya
Considering that spathulenol is most likely the principal candidate for causing the analgesic effects of EOPG, spathulenol was tested directly in the mouse paw. A dose of 1000 µg affected the ability of formalin to induce spontaneous nociceptive behavior, edema, and a cold response, while a dose of 300 µg affected spontaneous nociceptive behavior and the cold response. As De Nascimento and colleagues [7] have shown, the P. guineense essential oil and spathulenol reduce parameters of inflammation in a carrageenan model of inflammation. In the present work, when animals were treated by local administration, this compound (1000 µg) also reduced inflammatory parameters. The local application of spathulenol reduced edema formation (at 3 and 4 h after stimulus), reducing the response to mechanical hyperalgesia and the cold response. Local injection of 1000 µg/paw of spathulenol changed the threshold of mechanical and cold sensitivity, edema induced by Cg and edema, nociceptive and cold response induced by formalin, and suggesting that the direct injection of the compound could reduce the sensitization of the nociceptive nerve fibers and modulation of the inflammatory mediators.