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Animal Source Foods
Published in Chuong Pham-Huy, Bruno Pham Huy, Food and Lifestyle in Health and Disease, 2022
Chuong Pham-Huy, Bruno Pham Huy
Unlike honey, royal jelly is a rich source of proteins, peptides, amino acids, and fatty acids (132, 141–144). Fresh royal jelly is a solution containing 60–70% of water with pH ranging between 3.6 and 4.2 (132, 142). Proteins are the dominant ingredient of royal jelly (50% of its dry matter). More than 80% of royal jelly proteins are soluble proteins. Carbohydrates, vitamins, lipids, minerals, flavonoids, polyphenols, as well as several biologically active substances are also present (132, 161–162) Sugars mainly constituted of glucose and fructose comprise 7.5–15% of royal jelly content. Lipids constitute 7–18% of royal jelly content. The most prominent royal jelly fatty acids in order are 10-hydroxydecanoic acid, 10-hydroxy-2-decenoic acid, and sebacic acid (132). In addition, royal jelly contains different amino acids, organic acids, steroids, esters, phenols, sugars, minerals, trace elements, and other constituents (132, 141). The composition of royal jelly varies with seasonal and regional conditions. Royalisin and jelleines are two royal jelly antimicrobial peptides that enhance efficiency of the immune response of bee larvae to various infections (132). Its antioxidant potency is due to the presence of some polyphenolic compounds and flavonoids. Royal jelly is rich in pantothenic acid (vitamin B5), niacin, and nucleotides such as adenosine triphosphate (ATP), adenosine monophosphate (AMP), and adenosine diphosphate (ADP), and contains small amounts of various B group vitamins (132).
Development in Infant Nutrition
Published in Frank Falkner, Infant and Child Nutrition Worldwide:, 2021
Infants fed soy-protein-based formulas without added carnitine have plasma free and total carnitine levels, one-third those of infants fed a carnitine supplemented formula (Olson et al., 1989). The lack of a dietary source of carnitine alters lipid metabolism in these infants as manifest by an increase in serum free fatty acid concentrations and an increase in urinary excretion of the medium-chain dicarboxylic acids; adipic acid, sebacic acid and suberic acid (Olson et al., 1989). These biochemical changes are a manifestation of the important role that carnitine plays in the regulation of cellular metabolism, i. e. the entry of long-chain fatty acids into mitochondria and the removal from mitochondria of short- and medium-chain organic acids. On the basis of these biochemical findings, L-carnitine has been added to commercially produced soy formulas at a level of 86 pmol/L.
Designing Biomaterials for Regenerative Medicine: State-of-the-Art and Future Perspectives
Published in Naznin Sultana, Sanchita Bandyopadhyay-Ghosh, Chin Fhong Soon, Tissue Engineering Strategies for Organ Regeneration, 2020
Zohreh Arabpour, Mansour Youseffi, Chin Fhong Soon, Naznin Sultana, Mohammad Reza Bazgeir, Mozafari Masoud, Farshid Sefat
Poly (glycerol sebacate) (PGS) is a content of glycerol and sebacic acid, which requires reasonable procedure to be produced with thermo set elastomeric properties. Also, the mechanical properties and degradation rates of PGS can be controlled by optimizing the concentrations, curing time, curing temperature and the degree of acrylation in acrylated form of PGS for specific performance. The most common use of this polymer is for soft tissue regeneration, such as retina, cardiac muscle, nerve and cartilage. Due to its elastomeric nature of this polymer, it is applied in drug controlled-release systems and hard-tissue regeneration (Masoumi et al. 2013).
Biomimetic hydroxyapatite/poly xylitol sebacic adibate/vitamin K nanocomposite for enhancing bone regeneration
Published in Artificial Cells, Nanomedicine, and Biotechnology, 2019
Zhipeng Dai, Minyan Dang, Wenzhi Zhang, Sumathra Murugan, Seoh Wei Teh, Haiyan Pan
Ecological polymers comprise of a well-liked group of biomaterials that are extensively deliberated for use in various resorbable sutures, implants and other features like tissue scaffolds, breakage fascination devices and drug/gene delivery [20]. Few studies have presented that a topographic substrate is able to mimic an in vivo microenvironment self-possessed of channels, pores, and ridges to support physically prompted cells at a nanoscale level [21,22]. Polyesters are generally favoured among eco-friendly polymers for both drug delivery and rejuvenative drugs due to their countless compensation, in exacting, their hydrolytic cleavage in the hydrophilic environment in vivo [23–25]. The dicarboxylic acids worn in this exertion were sebacic acid, adipic acids that have been exposed to be cytocompatible [26,27].