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Medicinal Plants of Mongolia
Published in Raymond Cooper, Jeffrey John Deakin, Natural Products of Silk Road Plants, 2020
Narantuya Samdan, Odonchimeg Batsukh
This is a plant belonging to the Sanguisorba genus in the family Rosaceae. Sanguisorba officinalis is distributed in the northern temperate zone of Asia and throughout Europe and China. This plant grows at altitudes between 30 and 3,000 m. It is a perennial herb, 30–120 cm in height. Roots are fusiform and rarely cylindrical. The root surface is brown or purple-brown and yellowish-white in transection. The roots are used as food as well as medicine.
Positive effects of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) and a Sanguisorba officinalis polysaccharide on the proliferation and differentiation of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) fibroblasts in vitro
Published in Pharmaceutical Biology, 2020
Hong Zheng, Wenya Huang, Bing He, Hongchang Tan, Pingzhi Lin, Zhengang Zha
Naturally derived polysaccharides are becoming increasingly important and easily accessible source of additives or alternative medicines in food, cosmetics and pharmaceuticals industry due to their biocompatibility, and intrinsic biological properties as compared with synthetic drugs (Sun 2011). Nowadays, emerging evidence suggested that that some polysaccharides have been effectively used to fill space and support the body in regenerating tissue for the treatment of skin and epithelium wounds via enhancement of collagen expression (Xu et al. 2018; Zhang et al. 2018; Slima et al. 2019). One such polysaccharide isolated from the roots of Sanguisorba officinalis L. (Rosaceae), has been topically applied to heal wounds, burns and allergic skin diseases (Strickland et al. 2003). Zhang, Chen, et al. (2018) tested the healing efficacy of a purified polysaccharide (SOP) from the roots of S. officinalis on burn wound models in mice and histopathological examination of the wound tissues in the SOP-treated animals showed collagen deposition and epidermal formation. The use of this polysaccharide with PRP facilitating collagen expression in the treatment of ALC reconstruction surgeries is therefore strongly suggested. However, there is no available report regarding whether this polysaccharide could facilitate healing of ACL with PRP. Therefore, this study evaluates the collaborative effect of S. officinalis polysaccharide (SOWPa), PRP or their combination on the regenerative potential in ACL fibroblasts and to explore the underlying molecular mechanisms.
A review on charred traditional Chinese herbs: carbonization to yield a haemostatic effect
Published in Pharmaceutical Biology, 2019
Zhi Chen, Si-Yong Ye, Ying Yang, Zhong-Yuan Li
Though great changes of properties and efficacy of traditional Chinese medicine may occur before or after carbonizing, ‘property maintenance’ is a basic principle for carbonizing. Sanguisorba officinalis root is tenacious. Standard charred Sanguisorba officinalis root should be internally reddish brown and externally burned black. In other words, it is constituted by a charry part and a part maintaining its property. As a result, in addition to be used for stopping bleeding, different charcoal drugs have different clinical targets. For instance, charcoal drugs for removing blood stasis and stopping bleeding are mainly applied to treatment of bleeding symptoms caused by poor blood circulation. Therefore, we should study charcoal drugs on the basis of drug properties and efficacy and clinical applications. On the principle of treatment based on syndrome differentiation of TCM, we should discuss mechanisms of bleeding stopping and processing of charcoal drugs in combination with overall animal models by adopting modern means and methods with multiple approaches and indexes. Twenty-five carbonized herbs recorded in Chinese Pharmacopeia (2015 edition) are described below and listed in Table 1.
Effects of Jian Pi Qing Chang Hua Shi decoction on mucosal injuries in a 2,4,6-trinitrobenzene sulphonic acid-induced inflammatory bowel disease rat model
Published in Pharmaceutical Biology, 2021
Huicun Zhang, Na Ta, Hong Shen, Hongbing Wang
SJZD repairs damage to the intestinal mucosa caused by 2,4,6-trinitrobenzene sulphonic acid (TNBS) in rats by regulating the intestinal barrier (Lu et al. 2017, 2018). To adjust the Qi, promote blood circulation, and eliminate dampness, we added other herbal medicines to SJZD. We named this mixture as the Jian Pi Qing Chang Hua Shi decoction (JPQCD). The herbs contained in JPQCHSD and their own traditional use of each component of JPQCHSD are listed in Tables 1 and 2. The Latin name of the herbs in in this paper are derived from Chinese Pharmacopoeia (2015). Lancemaside A is one of the components of Codonopsis pilosula (Franch.) Nannf (Campanulaceae). Lancemaside A improve TNBS-induced colitis by suppressing increased myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity, expression of inflammatory cytokines, and activation of NF-κB in mice (Joh et al. 2010). Salvia miltiorrhiza Bge (Labiatae) is a traditional Chinese medicine that has been long used for the treatment of cardiac cerebral diseases including cardiovascular diseases, neurodegenerative diseases, diabetes, nephropathy, liver, lung, skin, etc. Its clinical effects were by activating nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Li et al. 2018). Atractylodes macrocephala Koidz (Compositae) inhibits the inflammatory response of RAW 264.7 macrophages stimulated by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) by reducing key molecules in the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and NF-κB pathways (Zhou et al. 2019). Coptisine inhibits NF-κB, MAPK, hosphoinositide 3-kinase/Akt activation and reduces inflammation induced by macrophages stimulated by LPS. It also is used to prevent and treat carrageenan-elicited rat paw oedoema and reduce the release of TNF-α and NO in rat inflamed tissue (Wu et al. 2016). Smilax glabra Roxb (Liliaceae) inhibits upper genital tract inflammation by blocking activation of the NF-κB pathway (Zou et al. 2017). Sanguisorba officinalis Linn (Rosaceae) exerts anti-inflammatory effects, making it useful for treating inflammatory skin diseases. It blocks NF-κB, signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 and extracellular signal-regulated kinase activation and inhibits tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α/interferon-γ-stimulated release of chemokines and pro-inflammatory molecules (Yang et al. 2015). Agrimonia pilosa Ledeb (Rosaceae) reduces inflammation by suppressing inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and COX-2 and reactive oxygen species in LPS-activated RAW 264.7 macrophage cells (Jin et al. 2016). Protopine isolated from Corydalis yanhusuo W. T. Wang (Papaveraceae) improves renal function in acute renal injury mice induced by LPS. Protopine also alleviates the inflammatory response, inhibits inflammatory cytokines, and reduces apoptosis and necrosis via the Toll-like receptor 4 signalling pathway (Zhang et al. 2019). Panax notoginseng (Burk.) F.H. Chen (Araliaceae) inhibits LPS-stimulated NO-overproduction and iNOS overexpression via suppression of Toll-like receptor 2-mediated MAPK/NF-κB signalling pathways in RAW 264.7 macrophages (Ye et al. 2020).