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Preclinical Antidepressant-Like Effects of Terpenes, Polyphenolics, and Other Non-Flavonoid Phytochemicals
Published in Scott Mendelson, Herbal Treatment of Major Depression, 2019
Chlorogenic acid is the ester of caffeic acid and quinic acid. It is ubiquitous in plants, being yet another intermediate in lignin biosynthesis. Orally administered chlorogenic acid decreased immobilization in the tail suspension and forced swim tests in rats that had been chronically stressed by restraint. It also attenuated restraint-induced increases in serum pro-opiomelanocortin mRNA and plasma β-endorphin.48 It also reduced immobility in the forced swim and tail suspension tests of mice that had been chronically administered corticosterone. In those animals, the antidepressantlike effect was accompanied by reductions in steroid-induced activation of MAO-B and production of reactive oxidative species.49
Herbal Products in Antihypertensive Therapy
Published in Dilip Ghosh, Pulok K. Mukherjee, Natural Medicines, 2019
Fernão C. Braga, Steyner F. Côrtes
Several studies have shown the involvement of inflammatory process in CVD, whereas the ability of angiotensin II to modulate inflammation has also been established. Based on the assumption that an antihypertensive herbal product should combine both ACE-inhibitory effect and anti-inflammatory activity, we investigated in vitro the effect of mangaba leaf extract and constituents on NF-κΒ inhibition (Endringer et al. 2009, 2010). The study disclosed the potential anti-inflammatory activity of the crude ethanolic extract from mangaba leaves (IC50 = 17.4 ± 5.8 μg/mL) and the constituents thereof quinic acid (IC50 = 85.0 ± 12.3 μM), L-(+)-bornesitol (IC50 = 27.5 ± 3.8 μM) and rutin (IC50 = 26.8 ± 6.3 μM). Interestingly, a fraction derived from the crude extract, enriched in cyclitols and flavonoids, exhibited a significantly higher NF-κΒ inhibitory activity (IC50 = 1.0 ± 0.0 μg/mL) than the above-mentioned constituents, suggesting synergistic effects.
Artemisia annua and Its Bioactive Compounds as Anti-Inflammatory Agents
Published in Tariq Aftab, M. Naeem, M. Masroor, A. Khan, Artemisia annua, 2017
Bianca Ivanescu, Andreia Corciova
The compounds discussed in the previous section belong to the following classes of compounds: Sesquiterpenes lactones: artemisinins and biosynthetic precursors— arteannuin B and dihydroartemisinic acid (considered in a previous paper [Ivanescu et al., 2015]).Flavones: apigenin, acacetin, artemetin, cirsiliol, cirsilineol, cirsimaritin, chrysoeriol, chrysosplenol, chrysosplenol-C, eupatorin, and luteolin.Flavonols: casticin, chrysin, chrysosplenetin, chrysosplenol-D, and eupatin.Phenolic acids: chlorogenic acid, quinic acid, and several derivatives.Coumarins.
Synergistic effect and efflux pump inhibitory activity of Ficus nitida phenolic extract with tetracycline against some pathogenic bacteria
Published in Toxin Reviews, 2021
Mohamed A. Embaby, Mohamed A. El-Raey, Mohamed Zaineldain, Omar Almaghrabi, Diaa A. Marrez
Chlorogenic acid and Quinic acid exhibited antibacterial activity against St. aureus (Li et al. 2014). Quinic acid showed broad-spectrum antibacterial activities against the foodborne pathogens included the gram-positive and the gram-negative bacteria. Quinic acid decreased the membrane fluidity of St. aureus and had a significant effect on the normal functions of cell membrane of St. aureus. The highest antimicrobial activity of tea due to presence of catechins polyphenols which damage the bacterial cell membrane. The bactericidal action of catechins is due to its hydrogen peroxide generation (Arakawa et al. 2004). Kumar et al. (2015) found that twelve derivatives of catechin had antibacterial activity against St. aureus, Micrococcus luteus, B. subtilis, Klebsiella planticola, E. coli, and Ps. aeruginosa with MIC values ranged from 2.34 to 300 μg ml−1. Due to the antimicrobial activity of 5-O-Caffeoyl quinic acid toward selected E. coli, St. aureus, Enterococcus faecium, Pr. vulgaris, Ps. aeruginosa, K. pneumoniae and Candida albicans, it had possible application to use as preservative in food, cosmetic, and pharmaceutical industries (Bajko et al. 2016). Cinchonine was found to be effective against biofilm producing St. aureus (Skogman et al. 2012).
Biological activities of Viscum tuberculatum aqueous leaf extract
Published in Pharmaceutical Biology, 2023
Abraham Yirgu, Yalemtsehay Mekonnen, Amelework Eyado, Alessia Staropoli, Francesco Vinale
The phytochemical analysis of V. tuberculatum revealed 25 metabolites, belonging to different classes of natural compounds, such as flavonoid derivatives, phenolic acids, alkaloids, sugars, indoles, coumarins, lignans, carboxylic acids and polyphenols. Some of these natural products are recognized for their antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory activities. For instance, quinic acid (Adamczak et al. 2019) and gallic acid (Olmedo-Juarez et al. 2019) are known for their antimicrobial against E. coli, P. aeruginosa and S. aureus and anti-inflammatory activities in previous studies. In this study, they are found to account for 39.41 and 13.11% of the total abundance. 4-Hydroxybenzoic acid, which accounted for 71.07% of the total abundance in this study, has been reported to antimicrobial and fungicidal activity (Anand et al. 2019). Similarly, metabolites such as (–)-epicatechin (Bettaieb et al. 2016; Araujo et al. 2019), gallic acid (Li et al. 2017) and isorhamnetin (Tian et al. 2021) have exhibited both antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory properties. Epicatechin and isorhamnetin, which were identified in this study accounted for 29.02% and 70.13% of total abundance, respectively. The antioxidant activity of quinic acid (Karaman et al. 2021), catechin and gallic acid (Đorđević et al. 2018) were also reported in previous studies. Additionally, marmesin (which account for 95.85% of total abundance) has been reported for its potent anti-proliferative property (Dong et al. 2018), and trigonelline (that account for 21.07% of total abundance) has antidiabetic, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective effects (Khalili et al. 2018), respectively.
Aqueous Extract of Moringa oleifera Exhibit Potential Anticancer Activity and can be Used as a Possible Cancer Therapeutic Agent: A Study Involving In Vitro and In Vivo Approach
Published in Journal of the American College of Nutrition, 2021
Dharmeswar Barhoi, Puja Upadhaya, Sweety Nath Barbhuiya, Anirudha Giri, Sarbani Giri
The inverse association between the higher uptake of vegetables and fruits with decreased risk of developing cancers could be attributed to the antioxidant content present in plants (27). GC-MS analysis of AEMO showed the presence of numerous phytoconstituents in the chromatogram (Figure 1) of which quinic acid (1, 3, 4, 5-Tetrahydroxy-cyclohexane carboxylic acid), octadecanoic acid, hexadecanoic acid (palmitic acid), α-tocopherol (Vitamin-E) and ɣ-sitosterol are the major bioactive compounds. Most of these compounds possess anticancer activity in cell lines and/or in vivo. There is evidence that quinic acid has anti-inflammatory, anti-mutagenic, DNA damage inhibitory and anti-oxidant property (28, 29). Recently published work showed that quinic acid attenuates the proliferative potentials of oral cancer cells by down-regulating the expression of cyclin D1 and Akt signaling (30). Besides, there is evidence that quinic acid and its derivatives display potent anticancer activity against HT-29 human colon cancer and prostate cancer (31, 32). 9, 12-Octadecadienoic acid (Z, Z)- and hexadecanoic acid possess anti-inflammatory activity (33, 34). There are numerous reports that palmitic acid showed anticancer activity in HCT-116 cell lines (35), human leukemic cell lines and in vivo mice model too (36). α-tocopherol and γ-sitosterol have antioxidant and immunomodulatory activity (37). It has been reported that α-tocopherol showed anti-tumor activity in oral squamous cell carcinoma (ORL-48) cell lines (38) and chemopreventive activity against tobacco-induced carcinogenesis (39). Thus, in the present study, the AEMO induced tumor regression in tumor-bearing mice could be attributed to the presence of above mentioned bioactive compounds.