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Selected Botanicals and Plant Products That Lower Blood Glucose (Continued)
Published in Robert Fried, Richard M. Carlton, Type 2 Diabetes, 2018
Robert Fried, Richard M. Carlton
Procyanidin A1 [epicatechin-(4β-8, 2β-O-7)-catechin] was identified by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) in litchee pericarp for the first time. (−)-Epicatechin and oligomeric procyanidins were prepared by the combination of AB-8 column chromatography and Toyopearl HW-40S column chromatography.
Extensive metabolism of flavonoids relevant to their potential efficacy on Alzheimer’s disease
Published in Drug Metabolism Reviews, 2021
Procyanidin B2 (epicatechin-(4β→8)-epicatechin) is a B-type procyanidin dimer linked by interflavan bond between C-4 and C-8 in another unit, and procyanidin A2 (epicatechin-(2β→O→7, 4β→8)-epicatechin) contains an additional ether linkage between the C-2 of the upper unit and the oxygen linked to C-7 of the lower unit, while the lower unit of procyanidin A1 (epicatechin-(2β→O→7, 4β→8)-catechin) was catechin linked in the same way as procyanidin A2, indicating that A-type ones contain an additional interflavan bond.
Anti-liver fibrosis effects of the total flavonoids of litchi semen on CCl4-induced liver fibrosis in rats associated with the upregulation of retinol metabolism
Published in Pharmaceutical Biology, 2022
Jiongyi Yan, Yinyi Feng, Xuewan Fang, Xiaojuan Cui, Xing Xia, Fang Li, Weisheng Luo, Jianqin Liang, Jianfang Feng, Kai Yu
A total of 11 components of TFL were identified via UPLC (as shown in Table S1). Most components belonged to the proanthocyanidin class of flavonoids, such as procyanidin A1, A2, B2 and B3. The content and purity of procyanidin A2 (determined using procyanidin A2 equivalents) in TFL were 0.923 mg/g and 65%, respectively.