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Skin disorders
Published in Anne Lee, Sally Inch, David Finnigan, Therapeutics in Pregnancy and Lactation, 2019
Elizabeth Bardolph, Richard Ashton
Potassium permanganate (1: 1000 solution) diluted to a light pink colour in a bath or as wet dressings if the eczema is acute or weepy. This dries up the exudate and unless this is done application of other topical agents is ineffective.
P
Published in Anton Sebastian, A Dictionary of the History of Medicine, 2018
Potassium Metallic element discovered by Humphry Davy (1778–1829) in 1807. Potassium chlorate was introduced as a remedy for profuse salivation of the mouth and ulcerative lesions of the mouth by Bockh of Griefenhagen in 1840 until Abraham Jacobi (1830–1919) pointed out its tendency to produce hemorrhagic nephritis in 1860. American physician E. J. Fountain experimented on himself by taking 15 grammes of potassium chlorate and died after seven days. An autopsy showed extensive inflammation of the stomach, intestines, bladder and kidneys. Potassium permanganate was introduced as a disinfectant by A.W. Hoffmann in 1859. Microchemical measurement of small quantities in the blood was devised by a Baltimore physician, Benjamin Kramer (b 1887) and F. F. Tisdall in 1920.
Catalog of Herbs
Published in James A. Duke, Handbook of Medicinal Herbs, 2018
To the physician — Treatment should be aimed to prevent convulsions (rectal sodium bromide, oral chloroform or barbituates, chloroform inhalation) and to support respiration (endotracheal intubation followed by curariiform drugs in small doses). Gastric lavage to remove any residual poison. A 1:1000 potassium permanganate solution is an effective antidote.1
Mycotoxins in fruits and fruit-based products: occurrence and methods for decontamination
Published in Toxin Reviews, 2019
Bruna Leonel Gonçalves, Carolina Fernanda Sengling Cebin Coppa, Diane Valganon de Neeff, Carlos Humberto Corassin, Carlos Augusto Fernandes Oliveira
The degradation of PAT or OTA in foods by chemical compounds is a difficult task because of a number of reasons, including the stability of the toxins, the possibility of generation of derived molecules with similar or higher toxic properties compared with the parent mycotoxin, the toxic effects of the chemical per se and its interference with the composition and sensory properties of the foods (Drusch et al. 2007). There is no chemical method currently available for degradation of OTA in wines. Early experiments conducted by Burroughs (1977) indicated that sulfur dioxide levels of 100–200 µg/L for 15 min to 2 d reduced PAT concentrations, but at highly variable percentages (12–90%) depending on the presence of interfering components in the matrix solution. Ammoniation and potassium permanganate treatment have also been evaluated and showed high percentages of PAT destruction in aqueous solution, although with limited potential for use in foodstuff (Ioi et al. 2017). Ozone, ascorbic acid, and B vitamins are among the most recently studied compounds with varied abilities to degrade PAT in fruit-based products (Table 2).
Exploring research gaps and trends in the management of acute phosphide poisoning: a systematic review
Published in Critical Reviews in Toxicology, 2023
Zahraa Khalifa Sobh, Marwa Kholief, Eman Khalifa Sobh, Manal Ibrahim Fathy Balah
In 2012, Mostafazadeh and Farzaneh (2012) adopted a protocol for GIT decontamination of acute AlP poisoning; they found that suction of gastric content before conduction of lavage with potassium permanganate and added sodium bicarbonate was associated with clinical improvement (Mostafazadeh and Farzaneh 2012), however, on the view of more recent studies, gastric lavage with aqueous solution must be avoided in AlP-intoxicated patients, as it causes more liberation of phosphine gas. In addition, it was documented that potassium permanganate does not interact with the hard nucleophile PH3 and oxygen radicals generated from its breakdown (Nasri Nasrabadi and Marashi 2012).
Neuromodulatory and oxidative stress evaluations in African catfish Clarias gariepinus exposed to antipsychotic drug chlorpromazine
Published in Drug and Chemical Toxicology, 2022
Chinedu Ifeanyi Atama, Excellence Chidera Nnaji, Ifeanyi Christian Ezeoyili, Faith Okwukwe Udeani, Chioma Juliet Onovo, Nelson Ike Ossai, Ifeanyi Oscar Aguzie, Christopher Didigwu Nwani
Three hundred and fifty (350) healthy C. gariepinus juveniles, mean weight, and length of 200.50 ± 5.00 g and 26.50 ± 1.5 cm respectively were obtained from Freedom Fisheries Nsukka, Nigeria. They were acclimatized for 14 days in decontaminated and well protected four concrete fish ponds at the wet laboratory of the fisheries unit, Department of Zoology and Environmental Biology, University of Nigeria Nsukka. They were later transferred and acclimatized further for one week in five plastic tanks of 3000 L capacity in the wet laboratory. The fish specimens were treated with 0.05% Potassium permanganate for 2 min to protect against dermal infections. They were fed a commercial fish diet at approximately 3% of the body weight. Fecal matter was siphoned out of the tanks while dead fish were removed with the aid of plastic forceps daily to prevent pollution of the experimental tanks. Feeding of the fish was however terminated 24 h before the acute toxicity test to determine the 96 h LC50 (Reish and Oshida 1987). The physicochemical properties of the test water were analyzed daily using a standard water quality kit (ProLabTM, Weston, FL) and the mean ± standard error (SE) are as follows: dissolved oxygen 6.94 ± 0.14mg/L, temperature 26.40 ± 1.05−1, total hardness 17.54 ± o(0).74 mg/L. All experimental procedures were performed strictly according to the updated regulatory guidelines of the University of Nigeria Animal Care Committee (UNN-ACC-00240– 2017). The CPZ used in the present study (Trade name, Daltil, containing 100 mg CPZ; Manufacturer License Number: Rajasthan 04 − 6446, XL Laboratories Pvt. Ltd., Bhiwadi, India) was purchased from a local pharmaceutical shop.