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Anesthesia and analgesia and the curse of Eve
Published in Michael J. O’Dowd, The History of Medications for Women, 2020
A great favorite for many years was chloral hydrate, a hypnotic which was introduced by Liebrich of Berlin in 1869. Chloral hydrate was reputed to have a relaxing influence on the rigid cervix. The drug was often combined with tincture of opium and formed the basis of what in many maternity hospitals was euphemistically termed ‘mother’s mixture’. It was also sometimes combined with potassium bromide, the latter being the first synthetic sedative introduced to medical practice (1853). The tablet form of chloral (dichloral phenazonum) was known as ‘welldorm’.
Tissue Preparation For Autoradiography the Autoradiographic Process
Published in Lelio G. Colombetti, Principles of Radiopharmacology, 2019
Alicia S. Ugarte, Lelio G. Colombetti, Dieudonne J. Mewissen
Film plates should be removed from the refrigerator at least ½ hr before they are used. Plates are taken, one at a time, from the stock container and placed on a clean paper towel, film side up. A sharp knife is used for the cutting of the stripping film. It is advisable to cut all the needed pieces from one plate at one time, in order to prevent drying of the rest of the film while the floating stripped film is being mounted on the slide. The cut piece, emulsion side down, is quickly placed in a dish filled with distilled water at 25°C. (O’Callaghan and associates suggest the use of a solution of 10 mg of potassium bromide in a liter of 5% glucose, instead of distilled water, for exposures longer than 2 or 3 weeks.13) After soaking for 2 or 3 min, the film pieces are ready for mounting.
Dr. Andrew Manson
Published in Borys Surawicz, Beverly Jacobson, Doctors in Fiction, 2018
Cronin does a fine job of highlighting the faults of the system – the paucity of clinical research, the environmental devastation caused by coal mining, the ignorance of country doctors, the lack of post-graduate education, hospitals without X-rays and other essential equipment, a stifling bureaucracy at the CMMF Board, doctors’ busy schedules including evening house calls, corruption in private practice, fee splitting, unnecessary follow-up appointments, difficulty of obtaining hospital privileges, prescribing many drugs though only a few were useful at the time, anti-vivisectionists hampering research. It seems that having earned the titles M.D. and M.R.C.P. does not matter as much as being affable, having the proper connections and willingly acceding to patients’ demands, such as ear piercing. He also catalogs the attributes of a good researcher: careful review of the existing knowledge, formulation of hypotheses, testing them in animal models and clinical experiments. And the qualities of a good practitioner: thorough, honest, using few drugs, but, if the drug is effective, such as potassium bromide in epilepsy, using it in doses that make possible the assessment of its effectiveness.
Modification of α-lactose monohydrate as a direct compression excipient using roller compaction
Published in Drug Development and Industrial Pharmacy, 2018
Deeb Abu Fara, Iyad Rashid, Khouloud Alkhamis, Mahmoud Al-Omari, B. Z. Chowdhry, Adnan Badwan
Crystalline α-lactose monohydrate (Pharmatose 200M) was supplied by DFE Pharma (Veghel, the Netherlands). Spray-dried lactose (Foremost #316 Fast Flo) was obtained from Foremost Farms (Rothschild, WI 54474, USA). The purity of the aforementioned lactose powders complied with specifications, the results of which were measured as follows: acidity or alkalinity = 0.1 ml (limit = 0.4 ml of 0.1 N NaOH), heavy metals <5.0 µg/g (limit = 5.0 µg/g (maximum)) and loss on drying = 0.2% (limit= 0.5% (maximum)). Potassium bromide (KBr, spectroscopic grade, Sigma-Aldrich, MO, USA). All reagents used were of analytical grade.
Effect of semicrystalline polymers on self-emulsifying solid dispersions of nateglinide: in vitro and in vivo evaluation
Published in Drug Development and Industrial Pharmacy, 2018
Ranjit Prasad Swain, Bharat Bhusan Subudhi
FTIR spectroscopy was used to investigate the probability of chemical interaction between ingredients. Samples were mixed through potassium bromide. The mixtures were compressed using a hydraulic press to obtain a translucent pellet. The pellet was placed in an infrared spectrophotometer (Shimadzu IR-Prestige-21, Kyoto, Japan). The samples were analyzed over a scanning range of 4500–400 cm−1.
Effect of semicrystalline copolymers in solid dispersions of pioglitazone hydrochloride: in vitro-in vivo correlation
Published in Drug Development and Industrial Pharmacy, 2019
Ranjit Prasad Swain, Bharat Bhusan Subudhi
FTIR spectroscopy was used to investigate the probability of chemical interaction between ingredients. Samples were mixed with potassium bromide. The mixtures were compressed using a hydraulic press to obtain a translucent pellet. The pellet was placed in an infrared spectrophotometer (Shimadzu IR-Prestige-21, Kyoto, Japan). The samples were analyzed over a scanning range of 4500–400 cm−1.