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Hypertension
Published in Gia Merlo, Kathy Berra, Lifestyle Nursing, 2023
Matthew Petersen, Steven Brady, Eileen M. Handberg, Monica Aggarwal
The potential BP benefit of pomegranate juice is thought to be due to high concentrations of tannins, which are antioxidants found within the fruit juice. In one small cohort study of patients with hypertension, consuming 50 mL of pomegranate juice daily for two weeks showed reduction in angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) activity by 36% (Aviram & Dornfeld, 2001). ACE is a key target in many of the most effective antihypertensive medications. The inhibition of ACE by pomegranate juice led to a 5% reduction in BP in this study (Aviram & Dornfeld, 2001). The dose frequency of pomegranate juice consumption for optimal BP management is still unknown, and more research needs to be done in this area, with a particular need for RCTs. Consuming pomegranates is reasonable as part of a plant-based diet.
Nutrition and Nutritional Supplements in the Management of Dyslipidemia and Dyslipidemia-Induced Cardiovascular Disease
Published in Stephen T. Sinatra, Mark C. Houston, Nutritional and Integrative Strategies in Cardiovascular Medicine, 2022
Pomegranate seeds and juice increase PON 1 binding to HDL-C, increase PON 2 and HDL-C, lower the TG/HDL ratio, and decrease TG [103–108]. As a potent antioxidant, it increases total antioxidant status, lowers oxLDL, decreases antibodies to oxLDL, inhibits platelet function, reduces glycosylated LDL, decreases macrophage LDL uptake, and reduces lipid deposition in the arterial wall [103–108]. Pomegranate juice at 6 oz/day and seeds at ¼ cup twice a day decrease progression of carotid artery IMT and stabilize or reduce carotid artery plaque, especially in those with the higher levels of serum TG and HDL-C [103–108]. In addition, it may reduce blood pressure at the doses above within 2 months especially in subjects with the highest levels of oxidative stress. Consuming about 6–8 oz of pomegranate juice or ¼ to ½ cup of seeds per day is recommended.
(Poly)phenols in Exercise Performance and Recovery
Published in James N. Cobley, Gareth W. Davison, Oxidative Eustress in Exercise Physiology, 2022
Pomegranate has also been examined for its effects on exercise recovery. Two studies in recreational exercisers examined the application of a pomegranate extract following muscle-damaging exercise (Trombold et al., 2010, 2011) and showed improved return of function, but there were no measures of oxidative stress and inflammation to determine the underlying mechanisms. These data were later supported by Ammar et al. (2016) in resistance trained volunteers, which illustrated its potential application to well-trained cohorts. Although these data appear promising, they also provide no mechanistic insights.
The effects of pomegranate peel extract on the gene expressions of antioxidant enzymes in a rat model of alloxan-induced diabetes
Published in Archives of Physiology and Biochemistry, 2023
Shahrokh Bagheri, Reza Mohammadrezaei Khorramabadi, Vahideh Assadollahi, Peyman Khosravi, Ahmad Cheraghi Venol, Saeed Veiskerami, Hassan Ahmadvand
The pomegranate is a natural source of phenolic compounds such as tannin, polyphenol, flavonoids, and vitamin C that have antioxidant activities. Other antioxidant components of pomegranates include tocopherols and anthocyanins, of which their prophylactic and therapeutic properties have been confirmed in diabetes (Pirzadeh et al. 2020). A research conducted on male Wistar albino rats showed that the administration of aqueous pomegranate peel extract (200 mg/kg) decreased serum glucose levels and lipid peroxidation in cardiac, hepatic, and renal tissues (Parmar and Kar 2008). Treatment of alloxan-induced diabetic rats with 200 mg/kg of pomegranate peel extract, which is rich in polyphenols, reduced serum glucose levels and increased serum insulin and anti-lipid peroxidation activities (Parmar and Kar 2007). Therefore, in the present study, we evaluated the antioxidant effects of pomegranate peel extract in alloxan-induced diabetic rats. In this study, we initially proposed the idea of investigating the effect of hydroalcoholic pomegranate peel extract (APE) on antioxidant parameters, such as antioxidant enzymes in diabetic rats, both at the biochemical and molecular levels.
Diet Supplementation with Pomegranate Peel Improves Embryonic Survival in a Mouse Model of Early Pregnancy Loss
Published in Journal of Dietary Supplements, 2022
Kaïs H. Al-Gubory, Catherine Garrel
The peel of pomegranate fruit (Punica granatum L.), an agricultural waste product, is a rich source of polyphenolic compounds with powerful antioxidant properties (Henning et al. 2014; John et al. 2017). Modulation of antioxidant enzyme activities by the peel of pomegranate (Chidambara Murthy et al. 2002; Al-Gubory et al. 2016) may be an effective approach to prevent oxidative stress and early pregnancy loss in vivo. To this end we investigated the ability of pomegranate peel (PP) to prevent the adverse pregnancy outcomes and placental oxidative stress in a mouse model (female CBA/J x male DBA/2 mating) that has an exceptionally high incidence of embryonic mortality and spontaneous abortion (Clark et al. 1986). In this study, contents of thiol groups and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), as biomarkers of oxidative stress, and enzymatic activities of total superoxide dismutase (TSOD), copper/zinc SOD (SOD1), manganese SOD (SOD2), selenium glutathione peroxidase (GPX) and glutathione reductase (GR), were determined in placentas and maternal livers.
Effect of Pomegranate Juice on Intestinal Recovery Following Methotrexate-Induced Intestinal Damage in a Rat Model
Published in Journal of the American College of Nutrition, 2018
Ron Shaoul, Dalia Moati, Betty Schwartz, Yulia Pollak, Igor Sukhotnik
Li et al. (8) investigated the effects of PMG extract and PMG juice on the growth of major groups of intestinal bacteria: Enterobacteriaceae, Bacteroides fragilis group, clostridia, bifidobacteria, and lactobacilli, and the utilization of pomegranate polyphenols by Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus. PMG extract and PMG juice increased the mean counts of Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus and significantly inhibited the growth of B. fragilis group, clostridia, and Enterobacteriaceae in a dose-response manner. Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus utilized ellagic acid and glycosyl ellagic acid, but little or no punicalin was utilized. The effect of pomegranate on the gut bacteria considered to be beneficial (Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus) suggests that pomegranate may potentially work as a prebiotic.