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Use of Dermatologics during Pregnancy
Published in “Bert” Bertis Britt Little, Drugs and Pregnancy, 2022
Among 33,151 controls (no birth defects) and 22,843 cases (with birth defects), 25 mothers had condyloma with no birth defects, and six were treated with podophyllum. In the case group, 17 infants had birth defects, and three of their mothers were treated with podophyllum (Banhidy et al., 2011). Among 839 infants whose mothers used podophyllin during the first trimester, the frequency of major congenital anomalies (29/839, 3.5 percent) was not increased (Andersson et al., 2020). Nonetheless, safer alternatives exist, and it may be best to avoid podophyllin during pregnancy.
Oral Diseases
Published in Ayşe Serap Karadağ, Lawrence Charles Parish, Jordan V. Wang, Roxburgh's Common Skin Diseases, 2022
Marcia Ramos-e-Silva, José Wilson Accioly Filho, Sueli Carneiro, Nurimar Conceição Fernandes
Management: As it is generally asymptomatic, it requires treatment only, when there is discomfort. There may be a candidal or bacterial infection, so antifungal and/or antimicrobials may be helpful. It has no premalignant potential and can improve spontaneously or with zidovudine; there are still patients who benefit from acyclovir. A few applications 25% podophyllin can be helpful. Topical tretinoin can also be applied two or three times a day until the lesions disappear. Cryotherapy is an alternative, but it is not widely used. Unfortunately, recurrence is a problem.
Paper 3
Published in Aalia Khan, Ramsey Jabbour, Almas Rehman, nMRCGP Applied Knowledge Test Study Guide, 2021
Aalia Khan, Ramsey Jabbour, Almas Rehman
Treatment options for warts include: occlusion for 24 hours a day (e.g. with Duct Tape®); wart paint containing salicylic acid, which works by removing dead surface skin cells, and podophyllin which is a cytotoxic agent. Podophyllin must not be used in pregnancy or women considering pregnancy. Seventy per cent of warts will resolve with the use of wart paint, but it may take up to 12 weeks. Cryotherapy also has a 70% success rate after 8–12 weeks of regular freezing.
‘Cryo-immuno-therapy’ is superior to intralesional Candida antigen monotherapy in the treatment of multiple common warts
Published in Journal of Dermatological Treatment, 2021
Enayat Attwa, Rehab Elawady, Eman Salah
Johnson et al. (27) used the idea of maximizing individual immune responses by injecting multiple antigen combinations which achieved a higher complete clearance (71%) than Candida antigen alone. Furthermore, Nofal et al. (17) have used intralesional Candida antigen and oral acitretin with (66.6%) complete response. Marei et al. (31) have combined intralesional Candida antigen to bivalent HPV vaccine with a (70%) complete clearance. On the contrary, Mahajan et al. (29) have studied a combination of cryotherapy and topical podophyllin with a (60%) complete clearance.
Optimization on conditions of podophyllotoxin-loaded liposomes using response surface methodology and its activity on PC3 cells
Published in Journal of Liposome Research, 2019
Zeyu Wu, Tingting Wang, Yonghong Song, Yang Lu, Tianyun Chen, Pengpeng Chen, Ailing Hui, Yan Chen, Haixiang Wang, Wencheng Zhang
Podophyllotoxin (PPT, C22H22O8, chemical structure shown in Figure S1) is an arylnaphthalene lignin existed in podophyllin, a resin generated by the genus of Podophyllum, which belongs to a member of the Berberidaceae family. In 1820, PPT was included in the US Pharmacopoeia due to its biological activities (Yousefzadi et al. 2010), and also considered as the most plentiful and effective constituent isolated from podophyllin. PPT has been used in dermatology with a long history (Norton 1994). In particularly, 0.5% PPT tincture was identified as the first-line drug for genital warts treatment by US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) (Mohanty 1994). Recently, PPT has attracted more and more attention because of another outstanding property, that is, antitumor activity. It is effective in the treatment of various cancers, including lymphomas, Wilms tumours, genital tumours, and lung cancer (Choi et al. 2015). But the clinical application of PPT as an anticancer agent is hampered by severe side effects after systemic absorption, such as gastrointestinal toxicity (Canel et al. 2000), myelosuppression, and cytotoxicity of high dosage to normal cells (Zhu et al. 2009). In order to solve the above problems, chemical modification of PPT has been carried out. Several derivatives of PPT, for example, etoposide and teniposide, have been applied in clinic field, and show remarkable performance (Sun et al. 2014). However, the major disadvantage of them is poor water solubility, which causes allergic reactions and requires the use of toxic solvents (Farkya et al. 2004). Therefore, changing the form of PPT to improve the solubility and reduce the toxicity has become an interest of achieving safe therapeutics for tumour.
Intralesional immunotherapy for the treatment of anogenital warts in pediatric population
Published in Journal of Dermatological Treatment, 2022
Chemically destructive methods with antimitotic properties e.g. podophyllotoxin, podophyllin and 5-fluorouracil are available for the treatment of genital warts in adults but have not been approved for the pediatric population (8). However, Moresi et al. (15) have examined the use of podophyllotoxin for anogenital warts in children and reported clearance of warts in 15 out of 17 children (88%) over a duration ranging from 1 week to 4 months without significant side effects, suggesting that it is an effective option for anogenital warts in children.