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Reorganization of the Genome During Aging of Proliferative Cell Compartments
Published in Alvaro Macieira-Coelho, Molecular Basis of Aging, 2017
Repeated measurements were made on the same samples stained with Feulgen-pararosaniline to evaluate the differences attributable to methodology. The white area in Figure 10 represents the differences, with three standard deviations, found with repeated measurements of the same cells. The data showed that differences in DNA content larger than 4% of the mean of the pair of daughter cells are significant.
Historical background, development, and construction of radiochromic films
Published in Indra J. Das, Radiochromic Film, 2017
Martin Butson, Azam Niroomand-Rad
GEX Corporation produces the B3 films shown in Figure 2.15 that are thin and flexible polymeric film consisting of a pararosaniline radiochromic dye embedded in a polyvinyl butyral matrix [78]. An ionizing radiation event activates the B3 dye centers, which in turn causes the B3 film to undergo a predictable color change from clear to deepening shades of pink. The amount of color change is proportional to dose and is influenced by the temperature during irradiation. The postirradiation color change can take several hours to stabilize and heat treatment of the film is recommended. The dose range of B3 is approximately 1–150 kGy, again well above the clinically useful dose range in radiation oncology.
Adverse effects of textile dyes on antioxidant enzymes and cholinesterase activities in Drosophila melanogaster (Oregon R+)
Published in Drug and Chemical Toxicology, 2022
Shaista Rahimi, Mahendra P. Singh, Jeena Gupta
Multiple studies have reported the mutagenic effects of waste-water samples from textile industry and investigations highlighted that textile-finishing dyes are primarily responsible for these observed mutagenic effects (Jäger et al., 2004, Tsuboy et al.2007) and are skin immunotoxicants (Leme et al.2018). These dyes can alter the major biochemical reactions by interacting with important enzymes like acetylcholine esterase and xanthine oxidase. The decreased activity of acetylcholine esterase is linked with reduced hydrolysis of acetylcholine resulting in its accumulation at synapses, which causes acute nicotinic and muscarinic effects (Hai et al.2013). Previous experiments have shown that three cationic dyes, malachite green (MG), pararosaniline (PR) and methyl green (MetG) which belongs to class of triarylmethane dyes, inhibits Acetyl choline esterase enzyme activity in electric eel (Kuçukkilinç and Ozer 2008). Xanthine oxidase is a complex flavoprotein enzyme which catalyze the last steps of purine catabolism i.e., hypoxanthine conversion to xanthine and then to uric acid. In vivo this reaction is a potential source for the generation of free radicals and one of the toxic by product of it is superoxide radical (Landmesser et al.2002, Romagnoli et al.2010).
Oral administration of a potassium bromate dosage: Determination and evaluation of accumulated bromate on the liver of male mice
Published in Drug and Chemical Toxicology, 2022
Mousa Othman Germoush, Ibrahim Hotan Alsohaimi, Ayoub Abdullah Alqadami, Zeid Abdullah Alothman, Hazim Mohammed Ali, Mohammad Saad Algamdi, Abdullah Mohammed Aldawsari
About 25 mL of each sample supernatant and standard solutions was transferred into a 50 mL conical flask (Alsohaimi 2018). Typically, 0.1 mL of 0.01 M sodium metabisulphite, followed by 2 ml of citrate buffer solution was added to flask and shaken with adjusting pH to 3.4 through adding citrate buffer solution. Afterward, 0.2 mL of pararosaniline (PRA) color reagent was added to flask. The reaction and color development stable reddish-purple were completed after the solutions reacted with BrO3− if available and were allowed to stand for 45 min. The absorbance was assessed spectrophotometrically at 540 nm against blank solution obtained by similarly treating. A calibration graph was prepared after plotting the absorbance versus the concentration of bromate over the ranges and cited in Table 1. The linearity was determined and the regression equation can be expressed as y = 1.0073x + 0.0453 with the regression factor R2 = 0.9985 at 540 nm wavelength as mentioned in Table 1. Also, the statistical analysis including to the sensitivity of this method, the linearity, the limit of detection (LOD) and quantification (LOQ) as well as precision and accuracy are reported according to the applied method (Table 1). Microsoft Excel and OriginPro 9.064 were adopted throughout for the statistical analysis.
Immunization with plasmids encoding M2 acetylcholine muscarinic receptor epitopes impairs cardiac function in mice and induces autophagy in the myocardium
Published in Autoimmunity, 2018
Karla Consort Ribeiro, Roberto Perez Campelo, Daniela del Rosário Flores Rodrigues, Elisabete C. Mattos, Izaira Trincani Brandão, Célio Lopes da Silva, Eliete Bouskela, Camila Guerra Martinez, Eleonora Kurtenbach
Gross macroscopic evaluations of wall thickness, ventricular chamber dimension, cavity area and total ventricular wall area were measured at the mid-section of each heart after sectioning and staining with haematoxylin-eosin (n = 3, each group). The measurements were made using Image Pro Plus 5.01 software (Media Cybernetics, Inc., Silver Spring, MD, USA) 28 weeks after the first immunization for the serum donor group and 42 weeks following serum transfer for the recipient group. The total ventricular area included the ventricular area, interventricular septum and papillary muscle attached to the wall. The histological evaluation was performed by routine light microscopy of paraffin-embedded or methacrylate resin-embedded hearts that were sectioned at 5 µm or 1 µm. Sections were stained by haematoxylin-eosin or toluidine blue or with a haematoxylin-pararosaniline stain.